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Nikolai Chernyshevsky (1828-1889) is a figure of monumental importance in Russia, still largely overlooked in the West, who made history as the author of What Is to Be Done? (1863). The novel intended to provide a “guide to life”, a model for young radicals to organize their daily lives, personal relations, and emotions. The idea of creating “new men” and “new women” for the new revolutionary age was born. And What Is to Be Done? indeed became a guide to life, with the fictional situations (marriages and adulteries, the establishment of communes) enacted in real life, with varied results. This fusion of “literature and reality”, with the one infecting the other, provides an ideal subject for a semiotic study of culture that shows the reciprocal relationship between the writer as a man and his age.In her book, translated into French for the first time, Paperno subjects the life and works of Chernyshevsky to intense scrutiny, showing the rise of the writer from specific historical conditions, social and psychological concerns shared by his milieu and generation, and prevailing literary codes. In the end, Paperno shows the transformation of the author's personal experience into the literary structure of such a novel that had the power to impact emotional life and behavior of the readers who shared his cultural situation. Nikolaï Tchernychevski (1828-1889), personnage d’une importance colossale en Russie, encore bien trop méconnu en Occident, est resté dans l’histoire comme l’auteur de Que faire ? (1863). Le roman prétendait fournir un « guide dans la vie », sur lequel les jeunes radicaux pourraient modeler leur vie quotidienne, leurs relations personnelles et leurs émotions. La volonté de créer des « hommes nouveaux » et des « femmes nouvelles » pour le nouvel âge révolutionnaire était née. Et Que faire ? devint bel et bien ce guide décrivant des situations fictionnelles (mariage et adultère, vie en communauté) qui furent mises en application dans la réalité, avec…

Humanities, Multidisciplinary --- Tchernychevski --- sémioltique --- littérature --- Russie --- société --- Chernyshevky --- semiotics --- literature --- Russia --- society

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"God only knows how many diverse, captivating impressions and thoughts evoked by these impressions... pass in a single day. If it were only possible to render them in such a way that I could easily read myself and that others could read me as I do..." Such was the desire of the young Tolstoy. Although he knew that this narrative utopia-turning the totality of his life into a book-would remain unfulfilled, Tolstoy would spend the rest of his life attempting to achieve it. "Who, What Am I?" is an account of Tolstoy's lifelong attempt to find adequate ways to represent the self, to probe its limits and, ultimately, to arrive at an identity not based on the bodily self and its accumulated life experience.This book guides readers through the voluminous, highly personal nonfiction writings that Tolstoy produced from the 1850s until his death in 1910. The variety of these texts is enormous, including diaries, religious tracts, personal confessions, letters, autobiographical fragments, and the meticulous accounts of dreams. For Tolstoy, inherent in the structure of the narrative form was a conception of life that accorded linear temporal order a predominant role, and this implied finitude. He refused to accept that human life stopped with death and that the self was limited to what could be remembered and told. In short, his was a philosophical and religious quest, and he followed in the footsteps of many, from Plato and Augustine to Rousseau and Schopenhauer. In reconstructing Tolstoy's struggles, this book reflects on the problems of self and narrative as well as provides an intellectual and psychological biography of the writer.

Self in literature. --- Identity (Psychology) in literature. --- Autobiography --- Russian prose literature --- Authorship. --- History and criticism. --- Tolstoy, Leo, --- Толстой, Лев, --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич, --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich, --- Dōlsdōy, L. N., --- Ṭālsṭāy, --- Ṭālsṭāy, Liyō, --- Talstoĭ, Leŭ, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, Lieh-fu, --- Ṭôlasṭāya, Liyo, --- Толстой, Л. М., --- Tolstoĭ, L. M., --- Толстой, Л. Н. --- Tolstoĭ, L. N. --- Tolstoi, Leo N., --- Tolstoï, Léon, --- Tolstoï, Léon Nikolaevitch, --- Tolstoi, Leone, --- Tolstói, Lev, --- Tolstoi, Lew, --- Tolstoı̂, Lion, --- Tolstoi, Lyof N., --- Tolstoj, Lav Nikolajević, --- Tolstoj, Law, --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevič, --- Tołstoj, Lew, --- Tolstoy, L. N. --- Tolstoy, Léon, --- Tolstoy, Lev, --- Tolsztoj, Lev, --- Ttolsŭttoi, --- Tūlstūy, Līf, --- Tuo'ersitai, --- Tuo'ersitai, Liefu, --- Талстой, Леў, --- טאלסאטי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, ל. --- טאלסטאי, ל., --- טאלסטאי, ל.נ --- טאלסטאי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטאי, לאװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעא --- טאלסטאי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, לעװ --- טאלסטאי, לעװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעוו --- טאלסטאי, לעוו, --- טאלסטאי, ליעװ --- טאלסטאי, ליעוו --- טאלסטאי, גראף לעא --- טאלסטוי, ל., --- טאלסטוי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטוי, לאר, --- טאלסטוי, לעא, --- טולסטאי, לב נ., --- טולסטױ, ל. --- טולסטױ, ל., --- טולסטױ, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי --- טולסטוי, ל. --- טולסטוי, ל., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי, ל.נ., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ., --- טולסטוי, לב --- טולסטוי, לב, --- טולסטוי, לב ניקולוביץ, --- טולסטוי, ליב --- טולסטוי, ליב, --- تولستوى، ل، --- لئون تولستوى --- レオ.トルストイ, --- 托爾斯泰, 列夫, --- Tolstojs, L̦evs N., --- Tolstoi, Leo Nikolaievich, --- Tolstojus, L. N., --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevič --- Tolstoi, Leo --- Tolstoj, Leo --- Tolstoj, Lew Nikolajewitsj --- Tolstoy, Leo --- Tolstoï, Léon --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevitsj --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevitsj --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич

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Tolstoy, Leo, --- Criticism and interpretation.

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Literature

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Literature