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History of philosophy --- Theory of knowledge --- anno 500-1499

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This volume analyses ancient and medieval theories of intentionality in various contexts: perception, imagination, and intellectual thinking. It sheds new light on classical theories (e.g. by Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas) and examines neglected sources, both Greek and Latin. It includes contributions by J. Biard, M. Burnyeat, V. Caston, D. Frede, R. Gaskin, E. Karger, C. Michon, D. O'Meara, C. Panaccio, R. Pasnau, D. Perler, Ch. Rapp, P. Simons, R. Sorabji, and H. Weidemann.

Intentionality (Philosophy) --- Philosophy, Ancient --- Philosophy, Medieval --- Intentionnalité --- Intentionnalité (Philosophie) --- Philosophie ancienne --- Philosophie médiévale --- History --- Congresses --- Histoire --- Congrès --- 165.423.1 --- -Philosophy, Ancient --- Medieval philosophy --- Scholasticism --- Ancient philosophy --- Greek philosophy --- Philosophy, Greek --- Philosophy, Roman --- Roman philosophy --- Act (Philosophy) --- Mind and body --- Philosophy --- Intentionaliteit. Theory of meaning --- 165.423.1 Intentionaliteit. Theory of meaning --- Intentionnalité --- Intentionnalité (Philosophie) --- Philosophie médiévale --- Congrès --- Philosophy [Ancient ] --- Philosophy [Medieval ] --- Intentionality (Philosophy) - History - Congresses. --- Philosophy, Ancient - Congresses. --- Philosophy, Medieval - Congresses.

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It seems quite natural to explain the activities of human and non-human animals by referring to their special faculties. Thus, we say that dogs can smell things in their environment because they have perceptual faculties, or that human beings can think because they have rational faculties. But what are faculties? In what sense are they responsible for a wide range of activities? How can they be individuated? How are they interrelated? And why are different types of faculties assigned to different types of living beings? The six chapters in this book discuss these questions, covering a wide period from Plato up to contemporary debates about faculties as modules of the mind. They show that faculties were referred to in different theoretical contexts, but analyzed in radically different ways. Some philosophers, especially Aristotelians, made them the cornerstone of their biological and psychological theories, taking them to be basic powers of living beings. Others took them to be inner causes that literally produce activities, while still others provided a purely functional explanation. The chapters focus on various models, taking into account Greek, Arabic, Latin, French, German and Anglo-American debates. They analyze the role assigned to faculties in metaphysics, philosophy of mind and epistemology, but also the attack that was often launched against the assumption that faculties are hidden yet real features of living beings. The short "Reflections" inserted between the chapters make clear that faculties were also widely discussed in literature, science and medicine.

Ability --- Personality --- Intellect --- Intelligence --- Philosophy --- History. --- Philosophie --- Histoire --- History --- Aptitude --- Personnalité --- Philosophy. --- Personnalité --- Ability - Philosophy - History --- Personality - Philosophy - History --- Intellect - Philosophy - History

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How did the reception of Aristotelian logic in the Arabic and Latin Middle Ages shape the development of theology? And how did theological issues influence the debates about logic and theories of argumentation? The contributions in this volume examine these questions on the basis of key texts, thus shedding new light on the problematic relationship between logic and theology.

Muslim logicians --- Islam and philosophy --- Logic, Medieval --- Catholic Church and philosophy --- History --- Congresses. --- Aristotle. --- 215.1 --- 215.1 Verhouding godsdienst en filosofie --- Verhouding godsdienst en filosofie --- Logiciens musulmans --- Islam et philosophie --- Logique médiévale --- Congresses --- Congrès --- Histoire --- Islamic logicians --- Logicians, Muslim --- Logicians --- Medieval logic --- Philosophy and Islam --- Philosophy --- Philosophy and the Catholic Church --- Philosophy and religion --- Aristotle --- To 1500 --- Logic [Medieval ] --- Aristotle. - Organon

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