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"My aim is to present Tolstoy's work as he may have understood it himself," writes Donna Orwin. Reconstructing the intellectual and psychic struggles behind the masterpieces of his early and middle age, this major study covers the period during which he wrote The Cossacks, War and Peace, and Anna Karenina. Orwin uses the tools of biography, intellectual and literary history, and textual analysis to explain how Tolstoy's tormented search for moral certainty unfolded, creating fundamental differences among the great novels of the "pre-crisis" period. Distinguished by its historical emphasis, this book demonstrates that the great novelist, who had once seen a fundamental harmony between human conscience and nature's vitality, began eventually to believe in a dangerous rift between the two: during the years discussed here, Tolstoy moved gradually from a celebration of life to instruction about its moral dimensions. Paying special attention to Tolstoy's reading of Rousseau, Goethe, Schopenhauer, and the Russian thinker N. N. Strakhov, Orwin also explores numerous other influences on his thought. In so doing, she shows how his philosophical and emotional conflicts changed form but continued unabated--until, with his religious conversion of 1880, he surrendered his long attempt to make sense of life through art alone.

Philosophy in literature. --- Tolstoy, Leo, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Philosophy. --- Толстой, Лев, --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич, --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich, --- Dōlsdōy, L. N., --- Ṭālsṭāy, --- Ṭālsṭāy, Liyō, --- Talstoĭ, Leŭ, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, Lieh-fu, --- Ṭôlasṭāya, Liyo, --- Толстой, Л. М., --- Tolstoĭ, L. M., --- Толстой, Л. Н. --- Tolstoĭ, L. N. --- Tolstoi, Leo N., --- Tolstoï, Léon, --- Tolstoï, Léon Nikolaevitch, --- Tolstoi, Leone, --- Tolstói, Lev, --- Tolstoi, Lew, --- Tolstoı̂, Lion, --- Tolstoi, Lyof N., --- Tolstoj, Lav Nikolajević, --- Tolstoj, Law, --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevič, --- Tołstoj, Lew, --- Tolstoy, L. N. --- Tolstoy, Léon, --- Tolstoy, Lev, --- Tolsztoj, Lev, --- Ttolsŭttoi, --- Tūlstūy, Līf, --- Tuo'ersitai, --- Tuo'ersitai, Liefu, --- Талстой, Леў, --- טאלסאטי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, ל. --- טאלסטאי, ל., --- טאלסטאי, ל.נ --- טאלסטאי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטאי, לאװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעא --- טאלסטאי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, לעװ --- טאלסטאי, לעװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעוו --- טאלסטאי, לעוו, --- טאלסטאי, ליעװ --- טאלסטאי, ליעוו --- טאלסטאי, גראף לעא --- טאלסטוי, ל., --- טאלסטוי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטוי, לאר, --- טאלסטוי, לעא, --- טולסטאי, לב נ., --- טולסטױ, ל. --- טולסטױ, ל., --- טולסטױ, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי --- טולסטוי, ל. --- טולסטוי, ל., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי, ל.נ., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ., --- טולסטוי, לב --- טולסטוי, לב, --- טולסטוי, לב ניקולוביץ, --- טולסטוי, ליב --- טולסטוי, ליב, --- تولستوى، ل، --- لئون تولستوى --- レオ.トルストイ, --- 托爾斯泰, 列夫, --- Tolstojs, L̦evs N., --- Tolstoi, Leo Nikolaievich, --- Tolstojus, L. N., --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevič --- Tolstoi, Leo --- Tolstoj, Leo --- Tolstoj, Lew Nikolajewitsj --- Tolstoy, Leo --- Tolstoï, Léon --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevitsj --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevitsj

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A century after Leo Tolstoy's death, the author of War and Peace is widely admired but too often thought of only with reference to his realism and moral sense. The many sides of Tolstoy revealed in these essays speak to readers with astonishing force, relevance, and complexity. In a lively, challenging style, leading scholars range over his long life, from his first work Childhood to the works of his old age like Hadji Murat, and the many genres in which he worked, from the major novels to aphorisms and short stories. The essays present fresh approaches to his central themes: love, death, religious faith and doubt, violence, the animal kingdom, and war. They also assess his reception both in his lifetime and subsequently. Setting new agendas for the study of this classic author, this volume provides a snapshot of more current scholarship on Tolstoy.

Tolstoy, Leo, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Толстой, Лев, --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич, --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich, --- Dōlsdōy, L. N., --- Ṭālsṭāy, --- Ṭālsṭāy, Liyō, --- Talstoĭ, Leŭ, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, --- Tʻo-erh-ssu-tʻai, Lieh-fu, --- Ṭôlasṭāya, Liyo, --- Толстой, Л. М., --- Tolstoĭ, L. M., --- Толстой, Л. Н. --- Tolstoĭ, L. N. --- Tolstoi, Leo N., --- Tolstoï, Léon, --- Tolstoï, Léon Nikolaevitch, --- Tolstoi, Leone, --- Tolstói, Lev, --- Tolstoi, Lew, --- Tolstoı̂, Lion, --- Tolstoi, Lyof N., --- Tolstoj, Lav Nikolajević, --- Tolstoj, Law, --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevič, --- Tołstoj, Lew, --- Tolstoy, L. N. --- Tolstoy, Léon, --- Tolstoy, Lev, --- Tolsztoj, Lev, --- Ttolsŭttoi, --- Tūlstūy, Līf, --- Tuo'ersitai, --- Tuo'ersitai, Liefu, --- Талстой, Леў, --- טאלסאטי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, ל. --- טאלסטאי, ל., --- טאלסטאי, ל.נ --- טאלסטאי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטאי, לאװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעא --- טאלסטאי, לעא, --- טאלסטאי, לעװ --- טאלסטאי, לעװ, --- טאלסטאי, לעוו --- טאלסטאי, לעוו, --- טאלסטאי, ליעװ --- טאלסטאי, ליעוו --- טאלסטאי, גראף לעא --- טאלסטוי, ל., --- טאלסטוי, ל. נ., --- טאלסטוי, לאר, --- טאלסטוי, לעא, --- טולסטאי, לב נ., --- טולסטױ, ל. --- טולסטױ, ל., --- טולסטױ, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי --- טולסטוי, ל. --- טולסטוי, ל., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ. --- טולסטוי, ל.נ., --- טולסטוי, ל. נ., --- טולסטוי, לב --- טולסטוי, לב, --- טולסטוי, לב ניקולוביץ, --- טולסטוי, ליב --- טולסטוי, ליב, --- تولستوى، ل، --- لئون تولستوى --- レオ.トルストイ, --- 托爾斯泰, 列夫, --- Tolstojs, L̦evs N., --- Tolstoi, Leo Nikolaievich, --- Tolstojus, L. N., --- Tolstoĭ, Lev Nikolaevich --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevič --- Tolstoi, Leo --- Tolstoj, Leo --- Tolstoj, Lew Nikolajewitsj --- Tolstoy, Leo --- Tolstoï, Léon --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolaevitsj --- Толстой, Лев Николаевич --- Tolstoj, Lev Nikolajevitsj --- Arts and Humanities --- Literature

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