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"Recent outbreaks of illnesses traced to contaminated sprouts and lettuce illustrate the holes that exist in the system for monitoring problems and preventing foodborne diseases. Although it is not solely responsible for ensuring the safety of the nation's food supply, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees monitoring and intervention for 80 percent of the food supply. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's abilities to discover potential threats to food safety and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness are hampered by impediments to efficient use of its limited resources and a piecemeal approach to gathering and using information on risks. Enhancing Food Safety: The Role of the Food and Drug Administration, a new book from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, responds to a congressional request for recommendations on how to close gaps in FDA's food safety systems. Enhancing Food Safety begins with a brief review of the Food Protection Plan (FPP), FDA's food safety philosophy developed in 2007. The lack of sufficient detail and specific strategies in the FPP renders it ineffectual. The book stresses the need for FPP to evolve and be supported by the type of strategic planning described in these pages. It also explores the development and implementation of a stronger, more effective food safety system built on a risk-based approach to food safety management. Conclusions and recommendations include adopting a risk-based decision-making approach to food safety; creating a data surveillance and research infrastructure; integrating federal, state, and local government food safety programs; enhancing efficiency of inspections; and more. Although food safety is the responsibility of everyone, from producers to consumers, the FDA and other regulatory agencies have an essential role. In many instances, the FDA must carry out this responsibility against a backdrop of multiple stakeholder interests, inadequate resources, and competing priorities. Of interest to the food production industry, consumer advocacy groups, health care professionals, and others, Enhancing Food Safety provides the FDA and Congress with a course of action that will enable the agency to become more efficient and effective in carrying out its food safety mission in a rapidly changing world."--Publisher's description.

Food --- Safety measures --- Government policy --- Safety regulations --- United States.

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"Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI."--Publisher's website.

Brain - Wounds and injuries - Nutritional aspects. --- Brain damage --- Brain --- Medicine, Military --- Occupational Groups --- Craniocerebral Trauma --- Therapeutics --- Brain Diseases --- Persons --- Trauma, Nervous System --- Wounds and Injuries --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Central Nervous System Diseases --- Named Groups --- Nervous System Diseases --- Diseases --- Brain Injuries --- Nutrition Therapy --- Military Personnel --- Surgery & Anesthesiology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Surgery - General and By Type --- Neurology --- Alternative treatment --- Wounds and injuries --- Nutritional aspects --- Nutrition. --- Treatment. --- Alimentation --- Food --- Nutrition --- Cerebrum --- Mind --- Health aspects --- Health --- Physiology --- Diet --- Dietetics --- Digestion --- Food habits --- Malnutrition --- Central nervous system --- Head

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Pharmacology. Therapy

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"Physical fitness affects our ability to function and be active. At poor levels, it is associated with such health outcomes as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical fitness testing in American youth was established on a large scale in the 1950s with an early focus on performance-related fitness that gradually gave way to an emphasis on health-related fitness. Using appropriately selected measures to collected fitness data in youth will advance our understanding of how fitness among youth translates into better health. In Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth, the IOM assesses the relationship between youth fitness test items and health outcomes, recommends the best fitness test items, provides guidance for interpreting fitness scores, and provides an agenda for needed research. The report concludes that selected cardiorespiratory endurance, musculoskeletal fitness, and body composition measures should be in fitness surveys and in schools. Collecting fitness data nationally and in schools helps with setting and achieving fitness goals and priorities for public health at an individual and national level" Publisher's Summary.

Obesity in children --- Outcome assessment (Medical care) --- Physical fitness for youth --- Prevention. --- Childhood and youth. --- Testing.

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Dietary supplements. --- Soldiers --- Nutrition. --- Armed Forces personnel --- Members of the Armed Forces --- Military personnel --- Military service members --- Service members --- Servicemen, Military --- Armed Forces --- Diet supplements --- Food supplements --- Nutrient supplements --- Nutritional supplements --- Supplements, Nutritional --- Food additives --- Nutrition --- Vitamins