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Although in Czechoslovakia sociolinguistics is not institutionalized, some results and approaches of Czech linguistics appear to be sociolinguistic, and that from the viewpoint of other linguistic and scientific traditions in general. The socio-component' of Czech linguistics took shape as early as between the two world wars in the activity of the Prague Linguistic School, and is influenced in a positive way also by a contemporary philosophico-ideological climate. The contents of the present volume include contributions of prominent Czech linguists, especially research workers from academic an

Sociolinguistics --- Czech language --- Variation --- -Sociolinguistics --- -Language and languages --- Language and languages --- Language and society --- Society and language --- Sociology of language --- Language and culture --- Linguistics --- Sociology --- Integrational linguistics (Oxford school) --- Bohemian language --- Slavic languages, Western --- Social aspects --- Sociological aspects --- Variation. --- Sociolinguistics - Czechoslovakia --- Czech language - Variation

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This volume fills an important gap in exploring English in the domains of business and commerce through the prism of sociolinguistics and the sociology of language, as opposed to analyzing business genres or taking a linguodidactic approach. It expands the regional coverage of English in Europe, with several studies based in Central Europe, and also considers contexts which interact with Europe even though they are physically outside of it (Asia, Africa). It addresses English as just one of several languages at play in the ecology of the countries. It focuses not only on the position of languages as declared in documents of various organizations, that is, language policy, but also everyday linguistic practices as observed in business contexts, that is, interactions. The studies are divided into three thematic areas: ideologies and discourses on English in the business sphere, the management of English in business and organizational contexts, and English and other languages on local and international labor markets. It will be of interest to readers concerned with multilingualism in the economic sphere and the workplace and the interplay between macro and micro levels during the management of communication in organizations.

Commercial correspondence. --- English in Europe. --- Language Policy and Planning. --- Language and Economy.

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Too small to be big, but also too big to be really small, medium-sized language communities (MSLCs) face their own challenges in a rapidly globalising world where multilingualism and mobility seem to be eroding the old securities that the monolingual nation states provided. The questions to be answered are numerous: What are the main areas in which the position of these languages is actually threatened? How do these societies manage their diversity (both old and new)? Has state machinery really become as irrelevant in terms of language policy as their portrayals often suggest? This book explores the responses to these and other challenges by seven relatively successful MSLCs, so that their lessons can be applied more generally to other languages striving for long term survival.

Language and languages --- Language planning --- Language policy --- Glottopolitics --- Institutional linguistics --- Language and state --- Languages, National --- Languages, Official --- National languages --- Official languages --- State and language --- Communication policy --- Planned language change --- Sociolinguistics --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Variation --- History --- Government policy --- Planning --- Language policy - Europe - History - 21st century --- Language policy - Europe, Central - History - 21st century --- Language policy - Europe, Eastern - History - 21st century --- Language planning - Europe - 21st century --- Language planning - Europe, Central - 21st century --- Language planning - Europe, Eastern - 21st century --- Language and languages - Variation - Europe

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