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Information structure, or the way the information in a sentence is 'divided' into categories such as topic, focus, comment, background, and old versus new information, is one of the most widely debated topics in linguistics. This volume incorporates exciting work on the relationship between syntax and information structure. The contributors are united in rejecting accounts that assume designated syntactic positions associated with specific information-structural interpretations, and aim instead to derive information-structural conditions on word order and other phenomena from the way syntax and syntax-external systems interact. Beyond this shared aim, the authors of the various chapters advocate a number of approaches, based on different types of data (syntactic, semantic, phonological/phonetic) from a range of languages. The book is aimed at specialists in syntax and/or information structure, as well as students and linguists in related fields keen to familiarise themselves with current issues in this fascinating area of research.
Comparative linguistics --- Grammar --- Syntaxe --- Linguistique contrastive --- Emphase --- Sujet et prédicat (linguistique) --- Contrastive linguistics. --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES --- Syntax. --- Topic and comment. --- General. --- Focus (Linguistics). --- Focus (linguistics). --- Grammar, comparative and general --- Language arts & disciplines --- Syntaxe. --- Linguistique contrastive. --- Emphase. --- Functional sentence perspective (Grammar) --- Predicate and subject (Grammar) --- Subject and predicate (Grammar) --- Theme and rheme --- Topic and comment (Grammar) --- Language and languages --- Syntax --- Discourse analysis --- Linguistics --- Subject and predicate --- Topic and comment --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax
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The authors provide a compelling argument for a radically modular view of the human language faculty. The authors argue that complex words are generated by a dedicated rule system which interacts with the syntax on the one hand and the phonology on the other.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Morphology. --- Phonology. --- Syntax. --- Word formation. --- Grammar --- Derivational morphology --- Word formation --- Language and languages --- Syntax --- Phonology --- Morphology (Linguistics) --- Morphology --- Derivation --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Morphology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology
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This book addresses how core notions of information structure (topic, focus and contrast) are expressed in syntax. The authors propose that the syntactic effects of information structure come about as a result of mapping rules that are flexible enough to allow topics and foci to be expressed in a variety of positions, but strict enough to capture certain cross-linguistic generalisations about their distribution. In particular, the papers argue that only contrastive topics and contrastive foci undergo movement and that this is because such movement has the function of marking the scope of contrast. Several predications are derived from this proposal: such as that a focus cannot move across a topic - whether the latter is in situ or not. Syntactic and semantic evidence in support of this proposal is presented from a wide range of languages (including Dutch, English, Japanese, Korean and Russian) and theoretical consequences explored. The first chapter not only outlines its theoretical aims, but also provides an introduction to information structure. As a consequence, the book is accessible to advanced students as well as professional linguists.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Focus (Linguistics) --- Topic and comment --- Syntax --- Word order --- Focus (Linguistics). --- Topic and comment. --- Word order. --- Discourse analysis --- Language and languages --- Order (Grammar) --- Functional sentence perspective (Grammar) --- Predicate and subject (Grammar) --- Subject and predicate (Grammar) --- Theme and rheme --- Topic and comment (Grammar) --- Syntax. --- Subject and predicate --- Morphology (Linguistics) --- Morphology. --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Topic and comment --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Syntax --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Word order --- Grammar, Comparative and general Syntax --- Grammar, Comparative and general Morphology --- Morphology --- Syntax, Semantics, Information Structure.
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A proposal that person features do not have inherent content but are used to navigate a "person space" at the heart of every pronominal expression.This book offers a significant reconceptualization of the person system in natural language. The authors, leading scholars in syntax and its interfaces, propose that person features do not have inherent content but are used to navigate a "person space" at the heart of every pronominal expression. They map the journey of person features in grammar, from semantics through syntax to the system of morphological realization. Such an in-depth cross-modular study allows the development of a theory in which assumptions made about the behavior of a given feature in one module bear on possible assumptions about its behavior in other modules. The authors'new theory of person, built on a sparse set of two privative person features, delivers a typologically adequate inventory of persons; captures the semantics of personal pronouns, impersonal pronouns, and R-expressions; accounts for aspects of their syntactic behavior; and explains patterns of person-related syncretism in the realization of pronouns and inflectional endings. The authors discuss numerous observations from the literature, defend a number of theoretical choices that are either new or not generally accepted, and present novel empirical findings regarding phenomena as different as honorifics, number marking, and unagreement.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Generative grammar --- Person --- Pronoun --- Pronomials --- Morphosyntax
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In the 1980's generative grammar recognized that functional material is able to project syntactic structure in conformity with the X-bar-format. This insight soon led to a considerable increase in the inventory of functional projections. The basic idea behind this line of theorizing, which goes by the name of cartography, is that sentence structure can be represented as a template of linearly ordered positions, each with their own syntactic and semantic import. In recent years, however, a number of problems have been raised for this approach. For example, certain combinations of syntactic elements cannot be linearly ordered. In light of such problems a number of alternative accounts have been explored. Some of them propose a new (often interface-related) trigger for movement, while others seek alternative means of accounting for various word order patterns. These alternatives to cartography do not form a homogeneous group, nor has there thus far been a forum where these ideas could be compared and confronted with one another. This volume fills that gap. It offers a varied and in-depth view on the position taken by a substantial number of researchers in the field today on what is presumably one of the most hotly debated and controversial issues in present-day generative grammar.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Generative grammar. --- Phrase structure grammar. --- Constituent structure grammar --- Grammar, Phrase structure --- Generative grammar --- Grammar, Generative --- Grammar, Transformational --- Grammar, Transformational generative --- Transformational generative grammar --- Transformational grammar --- Psycholinguistics --- Language and languages --- Word order --- Order (Grammar) --- Word order. --- Derivation --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Syntax. --- cartography.
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