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Cancer --- Immunotherapy
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Cancer --- Cancer. --- Patients --- Medical care. --- Treatment --- Economic aspects. --- Neoplasms --- Outcome Assessment, Health Care --- therapy. --- economics.
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"Despite spending more time and money in developing novel therapeutics, the success rate for new pharmacologic treatments has been poor. Although the research and development expenditures have grown 13 percent each year since 1970 (a 50-fold increase), the number of new drugs approved annually is no greater now than it was 50 years ago. Over the past decade, skyrocketing costs and the complexity of the scientific knowledge upon which to develop new agents have provided incentives for alternative approaches to drug development, if we are to continue to improve clinical care and reduce mortality. These challenges create opportunities for improved collaboration between industry, academia, government, and philanthropic organizations at each stage in new drug development, marketing, and implementation. Perhaps the most appropriate initial step in addressing the need for collaboration is to consider more precompetitive relationships that allow sharing of scientific information to foster drug development. While these collaborative relationships in basic and preclinical research on drug targets and the early stages of clinical testing are acknowledged to be potentially important drivers for innovation and more rapid marketing of new agents, they also raise a number of concerns that must be addressed. For example, acknowledgment of academic productivity and independence and economic competitiveness must be considered and these challenges managed to foster a culture of collaboration. At the same time, regulatory issues, the need for standardization, and intellectual property concerns must be confronted if the current models for drug development are to be refined to encourage robust participation in precompetitive collaborations. Recognizing the growing importance of precompetitive collaborations in oncology drug development, as well as the challenges these innovative collaborations pose, the National Cancer Policy Forum of the Institute of Medicine held a workshop on February 9 and 10, 2010. This book is a summary of the workshop proceedings."--Publisher's description.
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Internal Medicine --- Diseases --- Medicine --- Health Occupations --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Medical Oncology --- Neoplasms --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Oncology --- Cancer --- Medical personnel. --- Health planning. --- Treatment.
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Biology -- Research -- United States -- Congresses. --- Clinical trials -- United States -- Congresses. --- Medical informatics -- United States -- Congresses. --- Medicine -- Research -- United States -- Congresses. --- Medical informatics --- Clinical trials --- Biology --- Medicine --- Publication Formats --- Commerce --- Research --- Organizations --- Communication --- North America --- Health Care Economics and Organizations --- Americas --- Behavior --- Technology, Industry, and Agriculture --- Publication Characteristics --- Science --- Information Science --- Technology, Industry, Agriculture --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Geographic Locations --- Health Care --- Geographicals --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Biomedical Research --- Congresses --- United States --- Information Dissemination --- Public-Private Sector Partnerships --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Medical & Biomedical Informatics
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"One of the challenges in treating cancer is the disease's complexity and variation among patients. Cancer manifests differently in each patient, so treatments that are effective in one patient may not be effective in another. As cancer care becomes more personalized, subpopulations of individuals will be given preventive or therapeutic interventions based on their susceptibility to a particular disease or their predicted response to a specific treatment. However, before the use of personalized cancer care can reach its full potential, the health care system must resolve a number of technological, regulatory, and reimbursement issues. To explore these policy challenges, the National Cancer Policy Forum held the workshop Policy Issues in the Development of Personalized Medicine in Oncology in June 2009. Experts provided presentations on the current state of personalized medicine technology, as well as issues in the validation of, regulation of, and reimbursement for the predictive tests that underpin personalized medicine. Participants discussed the obstacles and possible solutions to further developing and using personalized medicine technologies. This document summarizes the workshop."--Publisher's description.
Cancer --- Medical care --- Medical policy --- Treatment
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Cancer --- Patients --- Medical care. --- Treatment --- Economic aspects.
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