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Furōsha. --- Homeless persons --- Homeless persons. --- Japan.

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In this work, the authors present a fully statistical approach to model non--native speakers' pronunciation. Second-language speakers pronounce words in multiple different ways compared to the native speakers. Those deviations, may it be phoneme substitutions, deletions or insertions, can be modelled automatically with the new method presented here. The methods is based on a discrete hidden Markov model as a word pronunciation model, initialized on a standard pronunciation dictionary. The implementation and functionality of the methodology has been proven and verified with a test set of non-native English in the regarding accent. The book is written for researchers with a professional interest in phonetics and automatic speech and speaker recognition.

Phonetics. --- Speech -- Research. --- Speech processing systems. --- Speech synthesis. --- Speech. --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical Engineering --- Applied Physics --- Telecommunications --- Automatic speech recognition. --- Mechanical speech recognizer --- Speech recognition, Automatic --- Engineering. --- Computational linguistics. --- Phonology. --- Statistics. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Language Translation and Linguistics. --- Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences. --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Data processing --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pattern recognition systems --- Perceptrons --- Speech, Intelligibility of --- Speech perception --- Speech processing systems --- Natural language processing (Computer science). --- Natural Language Processing (NLP). --- Phonology and Phonetics. --- NLP (Computer science) --- Artificial intelligence --- Electronic data processing --- Human-computer interaction --- Semantic computing --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Statistics . --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology --- Phonology

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This book compiles and presents a synopsis on current global research efforts to push forward the state of the art in dialogue technologies, including advances to the classical problems of dialogue management, language generation, question answering, human–robot interaction, chatbots design and evaluation, as well as topics related to the human nature of the conversational phenomena such as humour, social context, specific applications for e-health, understanding, and awareness.

Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Acoustics. --- User interfaces (Computer systems). --- Computer engineering. --- Internet of things. --- Embedded computer systems. --- Computer software. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction. --- Cyber-physical systems, IoT. --- Professional Computing. --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Interfaces, User (Computer systems) --- Human-machine systems --- Human-computer interaction --- Computers --- Software, Computer --- Computer systems --- Embedded systems (Computer systems) --- Architecture Analysis and Design Language --- IoT (Computer networks) --- Things, Internet of --- Computer networks --- Embedded Internet devices --- Machine-to-machine communications --- Design and construction

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Incorporating Knowledge Sources into Statistical Speech Recognition offers solutions for enhancing the robustness of a statistical automatic speech recognition (ASR) system by incorporating various additional knowledge sources while keeping the training and recognition effort feasible. The authors provide an efficient general framework for incorporating knowledge sources into state-of-the-art statistical ASR systems. This framework, which is called GFIKS (graphical framework to incorporate additional knowledge sources), was designed by utilizing the concept of the Bayesian network (BN) framework. This framework allows probabilistic relationships among different information sources to be learned, various kinds of knowledge sources to be incorporated, and a probabilistic function of the model to be formulated. Incorporating Knowledge Sources into Statistical Speech Recognition demonstrates how the statistical speech recognition system may incorporate additional information sources by utilizing GFIKS at different levels of ASR. The incorporation of various knowledge sources, including background noises, accent, gender and wide phonetic knowledge information, in modeling is discussed theoretically and analyzed experimentally.

Vibrations --- Electrical engineering --- Applied physical engineering --- Mass communications --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Computer. Automation --- geluidsleer --- akoestiek --- beeldverwerking --- spraaktechnologie --- computernetwerken --- elektrotechniek --- communicatietechnologie --- signaalverwerking

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Information retrieval --- Mathematical statistics --- Programming --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Computer. Automation --- patroonherkenning --- beeldverwerking --- factoranalyse --- applicatiebeheer --- apps --- informatica --- informatiesystemen --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- architectuur (informatica) --- interfaces --- AI (artificiële intelligentie)