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The chapters in this volume were presented at the July 2005NATO Advanced Study Institute on Advances in Sensing with Security Applications. The conference was held at the beautiful Il Ciocco resort near Lucca, in the glorious Tuscany region of northern Italy. Once again we gathered at this idyllic spot to explore and extend the reciprocity between mathematics and engineering. The dynamic interaction - tween world-renowned scientists from the usually disparate communities of pure mathematicians and applied scientists which occurred at our six previous ASI’s continued at this meeting. The fusion of basic ideas in mathematics, biology, and chemistry with ongoing improvements in hardware and computation offers the promise of much more sophisticated and accurate sensing capabilities than currently exist. Coupled with the dramatic rise in the need for surveillance in innumerable aspects of our daily lives, brought about by hostile acts deemed unimaginable only a few short years ago, the time was right for scientists in the diverse areas of sensing and security to join together in a concerted effort to combat the new brands of terrorism. This ASI was one important initial step. To encompass the diverse nature of the subject and the varied backgrounds of the anticipated participants, the ASI was divided into three broadly defined but interrelated areas: the - creasing need for fast and accurate sensing, the scientific underpinnings of the ongoing revolution in sensing, and specific sensing algorithms and techniques. The ASI brought together world leaders from academia, government, and industry, with extensive multidisciplinary backgrounds evidenced by their research and participation in numerous workshops and conferences.

Detectors --- Remote sensing --- Chemical detectors --- Radar --- Terrorism --- Détecteurs --- Télédétection --- Détecteurs de produits chimiques --- Terrorisme --- Prevention --- Prévention --- Chemical detectors -- Congresses. --- Detectors -- Congresses. --- Remote sensing -- Congresses. --- Subjects Radar -- Congresses. --- Terrorism -- Prevention -- Congresses. --- Geography --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Electrical Engineering --- Geography-General --- Engineering. --- Analytical chemistry. --- Pattern recognition. --- Remote sensing. --- Applied mathematics. --- Engineering mathematics. --- Computer mathematics. --- Industrial engineering. --- Production engineering. --- Industrial and Production Engineering. --- Pattern Recognition. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Applications of Mathematics. --- Computational Science and Engineering. --- Analytical Chemistry. --- Optical pattern recognition. --- Mathematics. --- Computer science. --- Analytical biochemistry. --- Math --- Science --- Optical data processing --- Pattern perception --- Perceptrons --- Visual discrimination --- Management engineering --- Simplification in industry --- Engineering --- Value analysis (Cost control) --- Analytic biochemistry --- Biochemistry --- Chemistry, Analytic --- Informatics --- Bioanalytic chemistry --- Bioanalytical chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- Analysis, Chemical --- Analytic chemistry --- Chemical analysis --- Chemistry --- Computer mathematics --- Electronic data processing --- Mathematics --- Engineering analysis --- Mathematical analysis --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Space optics --- Design perception --- Pattern recognition --- Form perception --- Perception --- Figure-ground perception --- Manufacturing engineering --- Process engineering --- Industrial engineering --- Mechanical engineering --- Sensing --- Security applications