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This book constitutes the refereed post-workshop proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Worldwide Language Service Infrastructure, WLSI 2015, held in Kyoto, Japan, in January 2015. The 4 full papers included in this volume and presented together with 2 short papers and 8 invited papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 7 submissions. The papers are categorized into four parts: introducing metadata and annotations; providing technologies for language service platforms; atomic language services across different interfaces, policies, and development of language resources and services; and collecting reports on language service application.

Computer Science --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Mechanical Engineering --- Computer science. --- Information storage and retrieval. --- User interfaces (Computer systems). --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computational linguistics. --- Computer Science. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Information Systems Applications (incl. Internet). --- Language Translation and Linguistics. --- User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction. --- Information Storage and Retrieval. --- Computational Linguistics. --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Interfaces, User (Computer systems) --- Human-machine systems --- Human-computer interaction --- Informatics --- Science --- Data processing --- Natural language processing (Computer science). --- Information storage and retrieva. --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Natural Language Processing (NLP). --- NLP (Computer science) --- Artificial intelligence --- Semantic computing --- Information storage and retrieval systems. --- Automatic data storage --- Automatic information retrieval --- Automation in documentation --- Computer-based information systems --- Data processing systems --- Data storage and retrieval systems --- Discovery systems, Information --- Information discovery systems --- Information processing systems --- Information retrieval systems --- Machine data storage and retrieval --- Mechanized information storage and retrieval systems --- Computer systems --- Electronic information resources --- Data libraries --- Digital libraries --- Information organization --- Information retrieval --- Application software. --- Natural language processing (Computer science) --- Application computer programs --- Application computer software --- Applications software --- Apps (Computer software) --- Computer software

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Describing the technologies to combine language resources flexibly as web services, this book provides valuable case studies for those who work in services computing, language resources, human–computer interaction (HCI), computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW), and service science. The authors have been operating the Language Grid, which wraps existing language resources as atomic language services and enables users to compose new services by combining them. From architecture level to service composition level, the book explains how to resolve infrastructural and operational difficulties in sharing and combining language resources, including interoperability of language service infrastructures, various types of language service policies, human services, and service failures. The research based on the authors’ operating experiences of handling complicated issues such as intellectual property and interoperability of language resources contributes to exploitation of language resources as a service. On the other hand, both the analysis based on using services and the design of new services can bring significant results. A new style of multilingual communication supported by language services is worthy of analysis in HCI/CSCW, and the design process of language services is the focus of valuable case studies in service science. By using language resources in different ways based on the Language Grid, many activities are highly regarded by diverse communities. This book consists of four parts: (1) two types of language service platforms to interconnect language services across service grids, (2) various language service composition technologies that improve the reusability, efficiency, and accuracy of composite services, (3) research work and activities in creating language resources and services, and (4) various applications and tools for understanding and designing language services that well support intercultural collaboration.

Natural language processing (Computer science) --- Computational grids (Computer systems) --- Teams in the workplace --- Data processing. --- Computer science. --- Computers. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Computational linguistics. --- Computer Science. --- Information Systems and Communication Service. --- Language Translation and Linguistics. --- Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics). --- Computational Linguistics. --- Computer-supported cooperative work --- CSCW (Computer-supported cooperative work) --- Grid computing --- Grids, Computational (Computer systems) --- Computer systems --- Cyberinfrastructure --- NLP (Computer science) --- Artificial intelligence --- Electronic data processing --- Human-computer interaction --- Semantic computing --- Information systems. --- Natural language processing (Computer science). --- Natural Language Processing (NLP). --- Artificial Intelligence. --- Automatic language processing --- Language and languages --- Language data processing --- Linguistics --- Natural language processing (Linguistics) --- Applied linguistics --- Cross-language information retrieval --- Mathematical linguistics --- Multilingual computing --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Data processing --- Automatic computers --- Automatic data processors --- Computer hardware --- Computing machines (Computers) --- Electronic calculating-machines --- Electronic computers --- Hardware, Computer --- Cybernetics --- Calculators --- Cyberspace --- Computer networks. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Network computers --- Distributed processing

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Information retrieval --- Programming --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- datamining --- applicatiebeheer --- apps --- informatiesystemen --- database management --- programmeertalen --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- architectuur (informatica) --- data acquisition

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JSAI (The Japanese Society for Arti?cial Intelligence) is a premier academic society that focuses on arti?cial intelligence in Japan and was established in 1986.JSAIpublishesjournalsoftheJSAIandbimonthlytransactions,andhosts 19 special interest groups. The JSAI annual conference attracts several hundred attendees each year. JSAI-isAI (JSAI International Symposia on Arti?cial Intelligence) 2009 was the First International Symposium, which hosted three co-located international workshops and one satellite workshop that had been selected by the JSAI-isAI 2009OrganizingCommittee.Thisisinsuccessiontotheinternationalworkshops co-located with the JSAI annual conferences since 2001. JSAI-isAI 2009 was successfully held during November 19-20 in Tokyo, Japan; 158 people from 16 countries participated in JSAI-isAI 2009. ThisvolumeofNewFrontiersinArti?cialIntelligence:JSAI-isAI2009Wo- shops  is the proceedings of JSAI-isAI 2009. The organizers of the four wo- shops, LENLS, JURISIN, KCSD, and LLLL, hosted by JSAI-isAI 2009,selected 24 papers out of 61 presentations. This has resulted in the excellent selection of papersthat arerepresentativeof someof the topics of AI researchboth in Japan and in other parts of the world.

Information retrieval --- Programming --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- Information systems --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- datamining --- applicatiebeheer --- apps --- informatiesystemen --- database management --- programmeertalen --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- architectuur (informatica) --- data acquisition

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Cloud computing. --- Computer network architectures.