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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz verdiepte zich niet alleen in de filosofie, maar ook in de wiskunde, fysica, geologie, rechtswetenschap, geschiedenis en geneeskunde. Hij was ook actief als politicus en raadsheer aan het hof. Daarnaast ontwierp hij nieuwe soorten rijtuigen en drainagesystemen voor de mijnen in de Harz. Hij bedacht met succes een manier om fosfor te produceren. Hij organiseerde de verkoop van almanakken om de activiteiten van de Berlijnse Academie van Wetenschappen te bekostigen. en hij was de uitvinder van een van de eerste rekenmachines die in staat was de vier elementaire rekenoperaties uit te voeren. In deze biografie gaat de aandacht vooral uit naar drie aspecten die van fundamenteel belang zijn geweest voor zijn activiteiten als wetenschapper : de logica, de wiskunde en de fysica, in het bijzonder de dynamica. Daarnaast komen zijn onderzoekingen op het gebied van de geologie aan bod. Ook wordt het intrinsieke verband duidelijk tussen wetenschap en filosofie in Leibniz' opvattingen. Leibniz heeft een belangrijke stempel gedrukt op de vorming van ons hedendaags denken en de huidige mentaliteit. Computers, internet en de mathematisering van de logica zijn doordrenkt van een sterke leibniziaanse geest.
Leibniz, von, Gottfried W. --- 510 --- 51 <092> --- 1 LEIBNIZ, GOTTFRIED WILHELM --- #GGSB: Filosofie (17e eeuw) --- 51:93 --- biografieën --- wiskunde --- 155.2 --- Leibniz --- 125 --- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Wiskunde --- 510 Fundamental and general considerations of mathematics. Foundations, logic etc. --- Fundamental and general considerations of mathematics. Foundations, logic etc. --- 1 LEIBNIZ, GOTTFRIED WILHELM Filosofie. Psychologie--LEIBNIZ, GOTTFRIED WILHELM --- Filosofie. Psychologie--LEIBNIZ, GOTTFRIED WILHELM --- 51 <092> Mathematics--Biografieën --- Mathematics--Biografieën --- Werken over wijsgeren ; afzonderlijk --- Filosofie --- Geschiedenis --- Biografieën --- 17e eeuw --- Biografie --- Oudheid --- Boekdrukkunst --- Film (cinematografie) --- Literatuur --- China --- Geneeskunde --- Techniek (wetenschap) --- Romeinse Rijk --- Hellenisme --- Griekenland --- Hellas --- Atlas --- Museum --- Noorwegen --- Film --- Muziek --- Schilderkunst --- Tekenkunst --- Kafka, Franz --- Vlaanderen --- Vlaams --- Emigratie --- Vrouw --- Filosofie (17e eeuw)
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Relation (Philosophy) --- Metaphysics --- History. --- Early works to 1800. --- -Metaphysics --- -God --- Ontology --- Philosophy --- Philosophy of mind --- Logic --- History --- Early works to 1800 --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm Freiherr von --- -Contributions in theory of relations --- -History --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, --- Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm --- Relation (Philosophy) - History. --- Metaphysics - Early works to 1800.
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Does syllogistic logic have the resources to capture mathematical proof? This volume provides the first unified account of the history of attempts to answer this question, the reasoning behind the different positions taken, and their far-reaching implications. Aristotle had claimed that scientific knowledge, which includes mathematics, is provided by syllogisms of a special sort: 'scientific' ('demonstrative') syllogisms. In ancient Greece and in the Middle Ages, the claim that Euclid's theorems could be recast syllogistically was accepted without further scrutiny. Nevertheless, as early as Galen, the importance of relational reasoning for mathematics had already been recognized. Further critical voices emerged in the Renaissance and the question of whether mathematical proofs could be recast syllogistically attracted more sustained attention over the following three centuries. Supported by more detailed analyses of Euclidean theorems, this led to attempts to extend logical theory to include relational reasoning, and to arguments purporting to reduce relational reasoning to a syllogistic form. Philosophical proposals to the effect that mathematical reasoning is heterogenous with respect to logical proofs were famously defended by Kant, and the implications of the debate about the adequacy of syllogistic logic for mathematics are at the very core of Kant's account of synthetic a priori judgments. While it is now widely accepted that syllogistic logic is not sufficient to account for the logic of mathematical proof, the history and the analysis of this debate, running from Aristotle to de Morgan and beyond, is a fascinating and crucial insight into the relationship between philosophy and mathematics.
Syllogism. --- Syllogisme. --- Preuve (philosophie) --- Evidence.
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This volume collects 22 essays on the history of logic written by outstanding specialists in the field. The book was originally prompted by the 2018-2019 celebrations in honor of Massimo Mugnai, a world-renowned historian of logic, whose contributions on Medieval and Modern logic, and to the understanding of the logical writings of Leibniz in particular, have shaped the field in the last four decades. Given the large number of recent contributions in the history of logic that have some connections or debts with Mugnai’s work, the editors have attempted to produce a volume showing the vastness of the development of logic throughout the centuries. We hope that such a volume may help both the specialist and the student to realize the complexity of the history of logic, the large array of problems that were touched by the discipline, and the manifold relations that logic entertained with other subjects in the course of the centuries. The contributions of the volume, in fact, span from Antiquity to the Modern Age, from semantics to linguistics and proof theory, from the discussion of technical problems to deep metaphysical questions, and in it the history of logic is kept in dialogue with the history of mathematics, economics, and the moral sciences at large.
Philosophy --- Logic. --- Humanities. --- History. --- Learning and scholarship --- Classical education --- Argumentation --- Deduction (Logic) --- Deductive logic --- Dialectic (Logic) --- Logic, Deductive --- Intellect --- Psychology --- Science --- Reasoning --- Thought and thinking --- Methodology --- Life sciences. --- Social sciences. --- Engineering. --- Mathematics. --- History of Philosophy. --- Life Sciences. --- Humanities and Social Sciences. --- Technology and Engineering. --- Mathematics and Computing. --- Math --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life
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Modality (Logic) --- Modalité (Logique) --- Congresses --- Congrès
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