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"The origins of Santa Claus, or so I am told, is that the young Bishop Nicholas secretly delivered three bags of gold as dowries for three young girls to their indebted father to save them from a life of prostitution. Armed with immortality, a factory of elves and a fleet of reindeer, his has been a lasting legacy, inextricably linked to Christmas. Of course, this Christmas looks a little different. Amidst a global pandemic, shimmying down the chimneys of strangers certainly does not adhere to social distancing guidelines. Some borders remain closed, and in some instances, the quarantine period is far too long. After all, he only has 24 hours to spread cheer across the world. As with the rest of us, Santa Claus is likely to get the remote working treatment. The reindeers this year are likely to be self-driving, reminiscent of an Amazon swarm of technology, and the naughty and nice lists are likely to be based on algorithms derived from social media accounts. In the age of the fourth industrial revolution, it is difficult to imagine that letters suffice anymore. How many posts were verified as real before shared? Enough to get you a drone. Fake news? Here is a lump of coal. Will we see elves in personal protective equipment (PPE) and will Santa Claus, high risk because of age and his likely comorbidities from the copious amount of cookies, have to self-isolate in the North Pole? In fact, will there be any toys at all this year? Surely production has been stalled with the restrictions on imports and exports into the North Pole. Perhaps, there is a view to outsourcing, or perhaps, there is a shift towards local production and supply chains. More importantly, as we have done in many instances in this period, maybe we should pause to reflect on the current structures in place. The sanctification of a figure so clearly dismissive of the Global South and to be critical, quite classist must be called into question. From some of the keenest minds, the contributions in this book make a strong case against this holly jolly man. We traverse important topics such as, is the constitution too lenient with a clear intruder who has conveniently branded himself a Good Samaritan? Allegations of child labour under the guise of elves, blatant animal cruelty, constant surveillance in stark contrast to many democratic ideals and his possible threat to national security come to the fore. Nevertheless, as the song goes, he is aware when you are asleep, and he knows when you are awake. Is feminism a farce to this beloved man - what role does Mrs Claus play and why are there inherent gender norms in his toys? Then is the worry of closed borders and just how accurate his COVID-19 tests are. Of course, this brings his ethics into question. While there is an agreement that transparency, justice and fairness, nonmaleficence, responsibility, and privacy are the core ethical principles, the meaning of these principles differs, particularly across countries and cultures. Why are we subject to Santa Claus' notions of good and evil when he is so far removed from our context? As Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein would tell you, this is fundamentally a nudge from Santa Claus for children to fit into his ideals. A nudge, coined by Thaler, is a choice that predictably changes people's behaviour without forbidding any options or substantially changing their economic incentives. Even with pinched cheeks and an air of holiday cheer, Santa Claus has to come under scrutiny. In the process of decolonising knowledge and looking at various epistemologies, does Santa still make the cut?"-- Provided by publisher.

COVID-19 (Disease) --- COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020 --- -COVID-19 (Disease) --- COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-

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This textbook offers a starting point for the education of attorneys and other legal professionals about the potential impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the law, as well as a forum for discussing artificial intelligence's legal and ethical concerns. Intended for classroom use, this book will help students, legal professionals and policymakers alike. AI is swiftly transforming the world, including the legal system. Legal applications to areas such as ethics, human rights, climate change, labor law, health, social protection, inequality, lethal autonomous weapons, the criminal justice system and autonomous vehicles, contract drafting, legal investigation, criminal analysis and evidence investigation, utilize AI. As AI becomes more sophisticated, its impact on the law will likely increase. Tshilidzi Marwala is the Rector of the United Nations (UN) University and UN Under-Secretary-General. He was previously Vice-Chancellor and Principal of the University of Johannesburg. He holds a PhD in Artificial Intelligence from the University of Cambridge. He researches AI and its interface with society. Letlhokwa George Mpedi is the Vice-Chancellor and Principal of the University of Johannesburg (UJ). He previously served as a Dean of Law at UJ and a research fellow at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. He holds a Doctor of Laws from UJ. His research focuses on labor law and technology's legal interface.

Law and economics. --- Information technology --- Mass media --- Law --- International criminal law. --- Law and Economics. --- IT Law, Media Law, Intellectual Property. --- Philosophy of Law. --- International Criminal Law. --- Law and legislation. --- Philosophy.

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"Labour Law in Ghana analyses the current statutory and regulatory framework of labour andemployment relations in Ghana. It critically examines the primary thematic areas of labourlaw such as individual labour law; collective labour law; the basic conditions of employment;employment protection; unfair and fair termination of employment agreements as providedfor under the Labour Act No. 651 of 2003 and common law; the monitoring, adjudicationand enforcement of labour rights in Ghana; forced labour; occupational health and safety;and compensation for diseases and injuries sustained by workersin the course of their employment. The legislative and statutoryframework and pronouncements by courts are assessed through thelens of international standards relating to the workplace. This bookalso highlights some contemporary issues that require attentionfrom political actors or policymakers"--Provided by the Internet.

Labor laws and legislation --- Labor laws and legislation. --- Ghana.

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The book aims at presenting an updated version of the basic and general human rights debates. While it is frequently suggested that Human Rights are universal and indivisible, it is an undeniable fact that this is far from being true. And if there was ever any justification for talking about an ending to history, that narrative has definitely lost all justification in the light of recent developments. In fact, we are now witnessing a new harsh round of global system competition, often at the edge of a global hot war, now not anymore in a bipolar world but in a multipolar setting. The book contributions include reflections on history and theory, the reinterpretation of rights in different national contexts and/or in relation to specific groups (e.g. women) and areas (e.g. digitization). The book is meant to be a food for thought, at the end arguing in favour of the need to redefine Human Rights, reflecting the changes since the inauguration of the UDHR. The Editors Mehmet Okyayuz, political scientist, Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey. Junxiang Mao, academic director of the Human Rights Centre, Central South University Changsha, PRC. Letlhokwa George Mpedi, legal scholar and social protection expert, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Peter Herrmann, social philosopher, having worked globally in research and teaching positions in particular on social policy and economics, currently: Research Fellow, Human Rights Centre, Central South University Changsha, PRC.

Political sociology --- Sociology --- Politics --- sociologie --- politiek

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Social security --- Law and legislation