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1996 (1)

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Book
Commodity Booms and Government Expenditure Responses
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1462395449 1455250473 1281602426 9786613783110 1455257435 Year: 1991 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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Abstract

This paper develops a model incorporating asymmetric government expenditure behavior in response to a windfall revenue gain occasioned by a transitory commodity boom. The model is used to illustrate the transitional dynamics of a stylized economy during the boom period and the nature of the macroeconomic disequilibria which emerge in the post-boom period. Country case studies of Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Kenya support the model’s predictions and the protracted nature of adjustment following the waning of the boom.


Book
Public Expenditure Policy and the Environment : A Review and Synthesis
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 1462317782 1455270644 1281155454 9786613776815 1455247324 Year: 1993 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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Abstract

Commonly cited environmental instruments in the legal, regulatory, and fiscal domains are intended primarily to address market failures to ensure that environmental degradation and resource use is contained to appropriate levels. However, in many instances, environmental degradation is rooted not in market failure, but rather in policy failure. This paper identifies areas of public expenditure policy that interact with the environment. It argues that a reform of certain types of subsidies, increased operations and maintenance expenditures, and a thorough environmental assessment of capital projects will tend to benefit the environment, thereby moving an economy towards ‘sustainable’ development.


Book
Vietnam : Transition to a Market Economy
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 1462390552 1452710635 Year: 1996 Publisher: Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund,

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Abstract

The paper explores the pattern of transition of the Vietnamese economy, the policies that were applied, and the reasons for the country's success. In particular, it focuses on output performance; state-owned enterprises; foreign direct investment; determinants of inflation; dollarization and problems of economic management; international integration and exchange rate policy; growth and diversification of trade, trade reform, exchange reform, and exchange rate policy.

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