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Renewable energy sources. --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy

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A growing proportion of the world’s population is dependent on Seawater Desalination as a source of fresh water for both potable and civil use. One of the main drawbacks of conventional desalination technologies is the substantial energy requirement, which is facing cost increases in the global energy market. "Seawater Desalination" presents an overview of conventional and non-conventional technologies, with a particular focus on the coupling of renewable energies with desalination processes. The first section of this book presents, in a technical but reader-friendly way, an overview of currently-used desalination processes, from thermal to membrane processes, highlighting the relevant technical features, advantages and disadvantages, and development potential. It also gives a rapid insight into the economic aspects of fresh water production from seawater. The second section of the book presents novel processes which use Renewable Energies for fresh water production. From the first solar still evaporators, which artificially reproduced the natural cycle of water, technology has progressed to develop complex systems to harness energy from the sun, wind, tides, waves, etc. and then to use this energy to power conventional or novel desalination processes. Most of these processes are still at a preliminary stage of development, but some are already being cited as examples in remote areas, where they are proving to be valuable in solving the problems of water scarcity. A rapid growth in these technologies is foreseen in the coming years. This book provides a unique foundation, within the context of present and future sustainability, for professionals, technicians, managers, and private and public institutions operating in the area of fresh water supply.

Renewable energy sources. --- Saline water conversion -- Economic aspects. --- Saline water conversion plants -- Power supply -- Economic aspects. --- Saline water conversion plants -- Power supply. --- Saline water conversion. --- Water quality management. --- Saline water conversion --- Saline water conversion plants --- Renewable energy sources --- Civil & Environmental Engineering --- Environmental Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Economic aspects --- Power supply --- Economic aspects. --- Power supply. --- Alternate energy sources --- Alternative energy sources --- Energy sources, Renewable --- Sustainable energy sources --- Conversion of saline waters --- Demineralization of saline waters --- Desalination of water --- Desalinization of water --- Desalting of water --- Saline waters --- Demineralization --- Environment. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Water-supply. --- Chemical engineering. --- Engineering geology. --- Engineering --- Foundations. --- Hydraulics. --- Alternate energy sources. --- Green energy industries. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Water pollution. --- Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution. --- Water Industry/Water Technologies. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Geology. --- Power resources --- Renewable natural resources --- Agriculture and energy --- Aquatic pollution --- Fresh water --- Fresh water pollution --- Freshwater pollution --- Inland water pollution --- Lake pollution --- Lakes --- Reservoirs --- River pollution --- Rivers --- Stream pollution --- Water contamination --- Water pollutants --- Water pollution --- Pollution --- Waste disposal in rivers, lakes, etc. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Environmental health --- Environmental protection --- Sustainable engineering --- Green energy industries --- Energy industries --- Flow of water --- Water --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulic engineering --- Jets --- Architecture --- Building --- Structural engineering --- Underground construction --- Caissons --- Earthwork --- Masonry --- Soil consolidation --- Soil mechanics --- Walls --- Civil engineering --- Geology, Economic --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Availability, Water --- Water availability --- Water resources --- Natural resources --- Public utilities --- Water resources development --- Water utilities --- Flow --- Distribution --- Details --- Geology --- Water treatment plants --- Purification

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Electromembrane processes offer a multitude of applications, allowing for the recovery of water, other products, and energy. This book is a collection of contributions on recent advancements in electromembrane processes attained via experiments and/or models. The first paper is a comprehensive review article on the applications of electrodialysis for wastewater treatment, highlighting current status, technical challenges, and key points for future perspectives. The second paper focuses on ZSM-5 zeolite/PVA mixed matrix CEMs with high monovalent permselectivity for recovering either acid or Li+. The third paper regards direct numerical simulations of electroconvection in an electrodialysis dilute channel with forced flow under potentiodynamic and galvanodynamic regimes. The fourth paper investigates the reasons for the formation and properties of soliton-like charge waves in overlimiting conditions. The fifth paper focuses on the characterization of AEMs functionalized by surface modification via poly(acrylic) acid yielding monovalent permselectivity for reverse electrodialysis. In the sixth paper, CFD simulations of reverse electrodialysis systems are performed. The seventh paper proposes an integrated membrane process, including electrochemical intercalation–deintercalation, for the preparation of Li2CO3 from brine with a high Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio. Finally, the eighth paper is a perspective article devoted to the acid–base flow battery with monopolar and bipolar membranes.

Technology: general issues --- ion-exchange membrane --- electrodialysis --- current-voltage curve --- electroconvection --- potentiodynamic regime --- galvanodynamic regime --- numerical simulation --- ZSM-5 zeolite --- monovalent cation separation --- mixed matrix membrane --- anion exchange membranes --- poly(acrylic) acid modification --- monovalent permselective membranes --- antifouling strategies --- reverse electrodialysis --- electro-membrane process --- electrodialysis reversal --- bipolar membrane electrodialysis --- selectrodialysis --- electrodialysis metathesis --- electrodeionisation --- monovalent selective membranes --- water reuse --- brine valorisation --- mathematical modelling --- using overlimiting current modes --- membrane systems --- cation-exchange membrane --- effect of the breakdown of the space charge --- computational fluid dynamics --- power density --- factorial design --- membrane process --- Li2CO3 --- electrochemical intercalation deintercalation --- high Mg/Li brine --- flow battery --- energy storage --- bipolar membrane --- water dissociation --- n/a

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Electromembrane processes offer a multitude of applications, allowing for the recovery of water, other products, and energy. This book is a collection of contributions on recent advancements in electromembrane processes attained via experiments and/or models. The first paper is a comprehensive review article on the applications of electrodialysis for wastewater treatment, highlighting current status, technical challenges, and key points for future perspectives. The second paper focuses on ZSM-5 zeolite/PVA mixed matrix CEMs with high monovalent permselectivity for recovering either acid or Li+. The third paper regards direct numerical simulations of electroconvection in an electrodialysis dilute channel with forced flow under potentiodynamic and galvanodynamic regimes. The fourth paper investigates the reasons for the formation and properties of soliton-like charge waves in overlimiting conditions. The fifth paper focuses on the characterization of AEMs functionalized by surface modification via poly(acrylic) acid yielding monovalent permselectivity for reverse electrodialysis. In the sixth paper, CFD simulations of reverse electrodialysis systems are performed. The seventh paper proposes an integrated membrane process, including electrochemical intercalation–deintercalation, for the preparation of Li2CO3 from brine with a high Mg2+/Li+ mass ratio. Finally, the eighth paper is a perspective article devoted to the acid–base flow battery with monopolar and bipolar membranes.

Technology: general issues --- ion-exchange membrane --- electrodialysis --- current-voltage curve --- electroconvection --- potentiodynamic regime --- galvanodynamic regime --- numerical simulation --- ZSM-5 zeolite --- monovalent cation separation --- mixed matrix membrane --- anion exchange membranes --- poly(acrylic) acid modification --- monovalent permselective membranes --- antifouling strategies --- reverse electrodialysis --- electro-membrane process --- electrodialysis reversal --- bipolar membrane electrodialysis --- selectrodialysis --- electrodialysis metathesis --- electrodeionisation --- monovalent selective membranes --- water reuse --- brine valorisation --- mathematical modelling --- using overlimiting current modes --- membrane systems --- cation-exchange membrane --- effect of the breakdown of the space charge --- computational fluid dynamics --- power density --- factorial design --- membrane process --- Li2CO3 --- electrochemical intercalation deintercalation --- high Mg/Li brine --- flow battery --- energy storage --- bipolar membrane --- water dissociation --- ion-exchange membrane --- electrodialysis --- current-voltage curve --- electroconvection --- potentiodynamic regime --- galvanodynamic regime --- numerical simulation --- ZSM-5 zeolite --- monovalent cation separation --- mixed matrix membrane --- anion exchange membranes --- poly(acrylic) acid modification --- monovalent permselective membranes --- antifouling strategies --- reverse electrodialysis --- electro-membrane process --- electrodialysis reversal --- bipolar membrane electrodialysis --- selectrodialysis --- electrodialysis metathesis --- electrodeionisation --- monovalent selective membranes --- water reuse --- brine valorisation --- mathematical modelling --- using overlimiting current modes --- membrane systems --- cation-exchange membrane --- effect of the breakdown of the space charge --- computational fluid dynamics --- power density --- factorial design --- membrane process --- Li2CO3 --- electrochemical intercalation deintercalation --- high Mg/Li brine --- flow battery --- energy storage --- bipolar membrane --- water dissociation