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The sense of smell has varied roles in locating food, detecting predators, navigating, and communicating social information, whereas the taste system is focused on decision-making in food intake. The last decade has witnessed massive advances in understanding the molecular logic of chemosensory information processing, and the results for taste sensation were found to differ in interesting ways from those for smell sensation. The 12 chapters of this book cover the current knowledge about the chemosensory systems in mammalian, fish and insect models. The advantages of the different model systems are emphasized. The genomic characteristics and evolution of olfactory and gustatory receptor gene families are analyzed, rules for odorant receptor gene choice and axonal projection of the corresponding receptor neurons are discussed, and the similarities and dissimilarities of pheromone vs. odorant sensing are examined as well as the molecular logic of mammalian sweet taste, bitter taste, and fat perception. Olfactory-guided and taste-guided behaviors are discussed, with a particular emphasis on the insect system.
Animals -- Sense organs. --- Chemical senses. --- Chemoreceptors. --- Neurobiology. --- Senses and sensation. --- Insects --- Mammals --- Fishes --- Olfactory Perception --- Receptors, Odorant --- Sense Organs --- Vertebrates --- Receptors, Cell Surface --- Anatomy --- Arthropods --- Perception --- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled --- Chordata --- Membrane Proteins --- Invertebrates --- Mental Processes --- Animals --- Proteins --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Eukaryota --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins --- Organisms --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Animal Biochemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Sensory receptors. --- Receptors, Sensory --- Life sciences. --- Biochemistry. --- Animal genetics. --- Animal physiology. --- Life Sciences. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Animal Physiology. --- Animal Genetics and Genomics. --- Neural receptors --- Sensory receptors --- Chemical senses --- Neurosciences --- Genetics --- Animal physiology --- Biology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Physiology --- Composition
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Animal biochemistry --- Animal genetics. Animal evolution --- Animal physiology. Animal biophysics --- Physiology of nerves and sense organs --- biochemie --- genetica --- fysiologie --- zoölogie --- insecten --- neurobiologie
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The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased in western and westernized societies, making the disease the second leading cause of unnecessary deaths in the US. Obesity results from imbalanced metabolic regulation leading to excessive lipid storage. As important novel entities in metabolic regulation, taste receptors and their cells are critical elements that adapt the gustatory system to metabolic signals and vice versa. The role of taste receptor genes in gastrointestinal tissues, as well as their dynamic regulation in gustatory and non-gustatory tissues in response to metabolic cues, has become the focus of an entirely new and rapidly developing research field with impacts on fuel sensing, metabolic control, and ingestive behavior. This book reflects the recent scientific progress in the field of fuel sensing in the mouth, GI tract, and brain and examines the olfactory bulb as a potential metabolic sensor and the brain-gut endocrine axis. It also touches on relevant novel molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating lipid storage and metabolism and covers the identification and functional characterization of obesity genes. Lastly, it illustrates the use of insect models to study relevant problems of energy homeostasis.
Bioenergetics. --- Chemoreceptors. --- Energy metabolism -- Regulation. --- Lipids -- Metabolism. --- Non-insulin-dependent diabetes -- Animal models. --- Obesity -- Animal models. --- Metabolism --- Chemoreceptors --- Bioenergetics --- Lipids --- Obesity --- Non-insulin-dependent diabetes --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Neurons, Afferent --- Peripheral Nervous System --- Overweight --- Overnutrition --- Nutrition Disorders --- Neurons --- Phenomena and Processes --- Body Weight --- Nervous System --- Energy Metabolism --- Sensory Receptor Cells --- Cells --- Body Size --- Signs and Symptoms --- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases --- Anatomy --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases --- Body Weights and Measures --- Body Constitution --- Physiological Phenomena --- Physical Examination --- Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures --- Diagnosis --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Cytology --- Physiology --- Regulation --- Animal models --- Obesity. --- Research. --- Disorders. --- Adiposity --- Corpulence --- Fatness --- Disorders of metabolism --- Metabolic diseases --- Metabolic disorders --- Metabolism, Disorders of --- Anabolism --- Catabolism --- Metabolism, Primary --- Primary metabolism --- Life sciences. --- Cell biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Cell Biology. --- Body weight --- Nutrition disorders --- Biochemistry --- Disorders --- Cytology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cytologists
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The sense of smell has varied roles in locating food, detecting predators, navigating, and communicating social information, whereas the taste system is focused on decision-making in food intake. The last decade has witnessed massive advances in understanding the molecular logic of chemosensory information processing, and the results for taste sensation were found to differ in interesting ways from those for smell sensation. The 12 chapters of this book cover the current knowledge about the chemosensory systems in mammalian, fish and insect models. The advantages of the different model systems are emphasized. The genomic characteristics and evolution of olfactory and gustatory receptor gene families are analyzed, rules for odorant receptor gene choice and axonal projection of the corresponding receptor neurons are discussed, and the similarities and dissimilarities of pheromone vs. odorant sensing are examined as well as the molecular logic of mammalian sweet taste, bitter taste, and fat perception. Olfactory-guided and taste-guided behaviors are discussed, with a particular emphasis on the insect system.
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The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased in western and westernized societies, making the disease the second leading cause of unnecessary deaths in the US. Obesity results from imbalanced metabolic regulation leading to excessive lipid storage. As important novel entities in metabolic regulation, taste receptors and their cells are critical elements that adapt the gustatory system to metabolic signals and vice versa. The role of taste receptor genes in gastrointestinal tissues, as well as their dynamic regulation in gustatory and non-gustatory tissues in response to metabolic cues, has become the focus of an entirely new and rapidly developing research field with impacts on fuel sensing, metabolic control, and ingestive behavior. This book reflects the recent scientific progress in the field of fuel sensing in the mouth, GI tract, and brain and examines the olfactory bulb as a potential metabolic sensor and the brain-gut endocrine axis. It also touches on relevant novel molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating lipid storage and metabolism and covers the identification and functional characterization of obesity genes. Lastly, it illustrates the use of insect models to study relevant problems of energy homeostasis.
Histology. Cytology --- cytologie --- histologie --- insecten
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The prevalence of obesity has dramatically increased in western and westernized societies, making the disease the second leading cause of unnecessary deaths in the US. Obesity results from imbalanced metabolic regulation leading to excessive lipid storage. As important novel entities in metabolic regulation, taste receptors and their cells are critical elements that adapt the gustatory system to metabolic signals and vice versa. The role of taste receptor genes in gastrointestinal tissues, as well as their dynamic regulation in gustatory and non-gustatory tissues in response to metabolic cues, has become the focus of an entirely new and rapidly developing research field with impacts on fuel sensing, metabolic control, and ingestive behavior. This book reflects the recent scientific progress in the field of fuel sensing in the mouth, GI tract, and brain and examines the olfactory bulb as a potential metabolic sensor and the brain-gut endocrine axis. It also touches on relevant novel molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating lipid storage and metabolism and covers the identification and functional characterization of obesity genes. Lastly, it illustrates the use of insect models to study relevant problems of energy homeostasis.
Histology. Cytology --- cytologie --- histologie --- insecten
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Art --- History of civilization --- art [discipline] --- linguistics --- taste [senses] --- food --- eetcultuur --- still lifes
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