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Families --- Frontier and pioneer life --- Sociology & Social History --- Family & Marriage --- Social Sciences --- History. --- History --- Santana de Parnaíba (Brazil) --- Brazil --- Rural conditions. --- Colonization. --- Family --- -Frontier and pioneer life --- -Border life --- Homesteading --- Pioneer life --- Adventure and adventurers --- Manners and customs --- Pioneers --- Family life --- Family relationships --- Family structure --- Relationships, Family --- Structure, Family --- Social institutions --- Birth order --- Domestic relations --- Home --- Households --- Kinship --- Marriage --- Matriarchy --- Parenthood --- Patriarchy --- Social aspects --- Social conditions --- -History --- Border life --- Brazylia --- República Federativa do Brasil --- Brasil --- République fédérative du Brésil --- Brésil --- Brasilien --- Pa-hsi --- Federative Republic of Brazil --- Brasile --- Brazilië --- Brazilia --- Бразил --- Федерациэм Республикэ Бразил --- Federat︠s︡iėm Respublikė Brazil --- Brasilië --- Federale Republiek van Brasilië --- البرازيل --- al-Barāzīl --- برازيل --- Barāzīl --- Rèpublica fèdèrativa du Brèsil --- Pindorama --- Tetã Pindorama --- Wrasil --- Tantasqa Republika Wrasil --- Braziliya --- Braziliya Federativ Respublikası --- Pa-se --- Pa-se Liân-pang Kiōng-hô-kok --- Бразилия --- Brazilii︠a︡ --- Бразилия Федератив Республикаhы --- Brazilii︠a︡ Federativ Respublikaḣy --- Бразілія --- Федэратыўная Рэспубліка Бразілія --- Fedėratyŭnai︠a︡ Rėspublika Brazilii︠a︡ --- Федеративна република Бразилия --- Federativna republika Brazilii︠a︡ --- Federativna republika Brazil --- Republik Kevreel Brazil --- República Federal del Brasil --- Бразили --- Brazili --- Бразили Федеративлă Республики --- Brazili Federativlă Respubliki --- Brazilská federativní republika --- Pederatibong Republika sa Brasil --- Republica Federativa del Brazil --- Republica Federale di u Brasile --- Gweriniaeth Ffederal Brasil --- Santana de Parnaíba, Brazil --- Parnaíba (São Paulo, Brazil) --- Parnahyba (São Paulo, Brazil) --- Santana do Parnaíba (Brazil) --- Brasilia --- ブラジル --- Burajiru

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Doña Marina (La Malinche) .Pocahontas .Sacagawea—their names live on in historical memory because these women bridged the indigenous American and European worlds, opening the way for the cultural encounters, collisions, and fusions that shaped the social and even physical landscape of the modern Americas. But these famous individuals were only a few of the many thousands of people who, intentionally or otherwise, served as "go-betweens" as Europeans explored and colonized the New World. In this innovative history, Alida Metcalf thoroughly investigates the many roles played by go-betweens in the colonization of sixteenth-century Brazil. She finds that many individuals created physical links among Europe, Africa, and Brazil—explorers, traders, settlers, and slaves circulated goods, plants, animals, and diseases. Intercultural liaisons produced mixed-race children. At the cultural level, Jesuit priests and African slaves infused native Brazilian traditions with their own religious practices, while translators became influential go-betweens, negotiating the terms of trade, interaction, and exchange. Most powerful of all, as Metcalf shows, were those go-betweens who interpreted or represented new lands and peoples through writings, maps, religion, and the oral tradition. Metcalf's convincing demonstration that colonization is always mediated by third parties has relevance far beyond the Brazilian case, even as it opens a revealing new window on the first century of Brazilian history.

Indians of South America --- Conquerors --- First contact with other peoples --- History --- Brazil --- Colonization.

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