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This paper forms part of an OECD project which addressed the issue of the structure and change in the distribution systems of seven OECD countries. This paper gives an overview of the structure, policy and performance of the French distribution system for the period 1970-90. This analysis is then put into the perspective of international competition. It also draws some recommendations for future policy in this area ...

Economics --- France

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This paper studies whether the belief is justified that foreign trade and capital outflows have dramatically reduced the number of jobs available to French workers and are leading to a substantial decline in French wages, especially of low-skilled workers.

Employment --- France

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Contrary to what is still often believed, the climate and trade communities have a lot in common: a common problem (a global "public good"), common foes (vested interests using protection for slowing down climate change policies), and common friends (firms delivering goods, services, and equipment that are both cleaner and cheaper). They have thus many reasons to buttress each other. The climate community would enormously benefit from adopting the principle of "national treatment," which would legitimize and discipline the use of carbon border tax adjustment and the principle of "most-favored nation," which would ban carbon tariffs. The main effect of this would be to fuel a dual world economy of clean countries trading between themselves and dirty countries trading between themselves at a great cost for climate change. And the trade community would enormously benefit from a climate community capable of designing instruments that would support the adjustment efforts to be made by carbon-intensive firms much better than instruments such as antidumping or safeguards, which have proved to be ineffective and perverse. That said, implementing these principles will be difficult. The paper focuses on two key problems. First, the way carbon border taxes are defined has a huge impact on the joint outcome from climate change, trade, and development perspectives. Second, the multilateral climate change regime could easily become too complex to be manageable. Focusing on carbon-intensive sectors and building "clusters" of production processes considered as having "like carbon-intensity" are the two main ways for keeping the regime manageable. Developing them in a multilateral framework would make them more transparent and unbiased.

Aluminum --- Carbon --- Carbon emissions --- Carbon policies --- Carbon Policy and Trading --- Carbon tax --- Carbon taxes --- Chemicals --- Climate --- Climate change --- Climate Change Economics --- Climate Change Mitigation and Green House Gases --- Co2 --- Debt Markets --- Domestic carbon --- Emerging Markets --- Emission --- Emission cuts --- Environment --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Greenhouse --- Greenhouse gases --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Precautionary approach --- Private Sector Development --- Renewable energy --- Sulfur --- Sulfur dioxide --- Temperature

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper studies whether the belief is justified that foreign trade and capital outflows have dramatically reduced the number of jobs available to French workers and are leading to a substantial decline in French wages, especially of low-skilled workers.

Employment --- France