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2024 (1)

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Dissertation
Metastatic tumors to the breast: experience of a large tertiary referral hospital and review of the literature
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2024 Publisher: Leuven KU Leuven. Faculteit Geneeskunde

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Abstract

Non-primary breast tumors are a very rare phenomenon. It occurs most often in patients with a history of malignancies. The symptoms similar to primary breast carcinoma. To conduct this study we first got Ethical approval by The Research Ethics Committee UZ/KU Leuven. Next, we searched the pathology database. We further gathered the used immunohistocytochemistry (IHC) markers, age at diagnosis of metastasis, survival, follow-up and type of therapy. We further examined the literature for single center retrospective reviews and included 7 studies. Our dataset, consisting of 118 patients, was the largest among these studies. In our center, the average age at diagnosis of metastasis was 61 years. The most frequently observed tumor was Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), which occurred in 24 different patients, accounting for 20% of cases. Second most frequent was malignant melanoma with 16 different patients (14%). This was followed by ovarian carcinoma, which occurred in 9 cases (8%). The other studies showed some differences in tumor types, such as more frequent lung adenocarcinomas than ovarian carcinoma, which might have been due to referral bias in our center. Histological diagnosis can be tricky and this highlights the importance of sufficient clinical history and IHC. Survival is overall poor and therapeutic options are mostly systemic, reflecting late stage metastatic disease. Both are however very heterogenous in different tumor types.

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