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Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C. --- Historiography --- Finance --- Thucydides. --- Greece --- History --- -Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C. --- -Athenian Expedition to Sicily, Italy, 415-413 B.C. --- Sicilian Expedition, 415-413 B.C. --- Thucydides --- Fukidid --- Tucídides --- Thukydides --- Thoukydidēs --- Tucidide --- תוקידידיס --- Θουκυδίδης --- -Finance --- Thucydide --- Thoukudides --- -Finance, Public --- Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C --- Taxation --- Duties --- Fee system (Taxation) --- Tax policy --- Tax reform --- Taxation, Incidence of --- Taxes --- Finance, Public --- Revenue --- Athenian Expedition to Sicily, Italy, 415-413 B.C. --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Currency question --- Griechenland --- Grèce --- Hellas --- Yaṿan --- Vasileion tēs Hellados --- Hellēnikē Dēmokratia --- République hellénique --- Royaume de Grèce --- Kingdom of Greece --- Hellenic Republic --- Ancient Greece --- Ελλάδα --- Ellada --- Ελλάς --- Ellas --- Ελληνική Δημοκρατία --- Ellēnikē Dēmokratia --- Elliniki Dimokratia --- Grecia --- Grčija --- Hellada --- اليونان --- يونان --- al-Yūnān --- Yūnān --- 希腊 --- Xila --- Греция --- Gret︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Finance. --- Historiography. --- Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C. --- Thucydides. - History of the Peloponnesian War. --- Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C. - Historiography. --- Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C. - Finance. --- Greece - History - Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C. - Finance. --- Public finances --- Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C. - Historiography --- Sicilian Expedition, Italy, 415-413 B.C. - Finance --- Thucydides. - History of the Peloponnesian War --- Greece - History - Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C. - Historiography --- Greece - History - Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C. - Finance
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Taxation --- Finance, Public --- Greece --- Regions & Countries - Europe --- History & Archaeology --- Thucydides. --- History --- Historiography. --- Finance. --- Thucydides --- Fukidid --- Tucídides --- Thukydides --- Thoukydidēs --- Tucidide --- תוקידידיס --- Θουκυδίδης --- -Taxation --- Thucydide --- Thoukudides --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Duties --- Fee system (Taxation) --- Tax policy --- Tax reform --- Taxation, Incidence of --- Taxes --- Griechenland --- Grèce --- Hellas --- Yaṿan --- Vasileion tēs Hellados --- Hellēnikē Dēmokratia --- République hellénique --- Royaume de Grèce --- Kingdom of Greece --- Hellenic Republic --- Ancient Greece --- Ελλάδα --- Ellada --- Ελλάς --- Ellas --- Ελληνική Δημοκρατία --- Ellēnikē Dēmokratia --- Elliniki Dimokratia --- Grecia --- Grčija --- Hellada --- Revenue --- Currency question --- اليونان --- يونان --- al-Yūnān --- Yūnān --- 希腊 --- Xila --- Греция --- Gret︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Wars --- History, B.C.479-B.C.323 --- Public finances --- Historiography --- Finance
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Coinage played a central role in the history of the Athenian naval empire of the fifth century BC. It made possible the rise of the empire itself, which was financed through tribute in coinage collected annually from the empire's approximately 200 cities. The empire's downfall was brought about by the wealth in Persian coinage that financed its enemies. This book surveys and illustrates, with nearly 200 examples, the extraordinary variety of silver and gold coinages that were employed in the history of the period, minted by cities within the empire and by those cities and rulers that came into contact with it. It also examines how coins supplement the literary sources and even attest to developments in the monetary history of the period that would otherwise be unknown. This is an accessible introduction to both the history of the Athenian empire and to the use of coins as evidence.
Antiquities. --- Coinage --- Coinage. --- Coins, Greek --- Coins, Greek. --- Finance, Public --- Finance, Public. --- History --- Taxation --- Taxation. --- War and society --- War and society. --- War --- Sources. --- Economic aspects --- Economic aspects. --- To 1500. --- Athens (Greece) --- Greece --- Greece. --- Sources --- Numismatique grecque. --- Duties --- Fee system (Taxation) --- Tax policy --- Tax reform --- Taxation, Incidence of --- Taxes --- Revenue --- Armed conflict (War) --- Conflict, Armed (War) --- Fighting --- Hostilities --- Wars --- International relations --- Military art and science --- Society and war --- Sociology --- Civilians in war --- Sociology, Military --- Legal tender --- Mints --- Money --- Silver question --- Social aspects --- al-Yūnān --- Ancient Greece --- Ellada --- Ellas --- Ellēnikē Dēmokratia --- Elliniki Dimokratia --- Grčija --- Grèce --- Grecia --- Gret︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Griechenland --- Hellada --- Hellas --- Hellenic Republic --- Hellēnikē Dēmokratia --- Kingdom of Greece --- République hellénique --- Royaume de Grèce --- Vasileion tēs Hellados --- Xila --- Yaṿan --- Yūnān --- Ελληνική Δημοκρατία --- Ελλάς --- Ελλάδα --- Греция --- اليونان --- يونان --- 希腊 --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Public finances --- Currency question --- Greek coins --- Numismatique grecque
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Il a longtemps été considéré que l’échelle nationale était la seule compatible avec les objectifs d’égalité du système éducatif en France. Cette « indifférence » de l’école envers ses territoires est remise en cause depuis quarante ans. Les recherches sociologiques ont d’une part montré que l’uniformité nationale formelle pouvait s’accommoder de larges inégalités réelles de traitement des élèves. La décentralisation et les politiques d’éducation prioritaire initiées dans les années 1980 ont d’autre part amendé le pilotage strictement national de l’éducation. Ce débat est toujours d’actualité, comme le montrent par exemple le lancement de « cités éducatives » dans l’enseignement scolaire ou la différenciation des métropoles universitaires par les « politiques d’excellence ». Faut-il approfondir la diversité territoriale ou maintenir en priorité le cadre national ? Les tensions sont toujours présentes dès qu’il s’agit d’imaginer des décisions éducatives qui prennent leur source autant au niveau local qu’au niveau national. Afin de dresser un bilan des savoirs sur ces questions, ce huitième opus des Entretiens Ferdinand Buisson rassemble des chercheurs spécialistes de la relation entre l’éducation et ses territoires, de l’école rurale à l’université, ainsi que des responsables éducatifs, au niveau national et local, qui se sont particulièrement investis dans la dimension territoriale de l’éducation. It has long been held that only management at national level is compatible with the equality objectives of the education system in France. This “detachment” of schools from their territories has been called into question over the past forty years. Sociological research has shown, on the one hand, that national uniformity can handle considerable inequalities in the way students are treated. Decentralisation and the priority education policies introduced in the 1980s have, on the other hand, modified the strictly national management of education. This debate is still…
Education --- Planification --- Décentralisation --- France --- territoire --- inégalités éducatives --- autorités éducatives locales --- décentralisation --- politique éducative --- territoriality --- educational inequality --- local education authorities --- decentralisation --- education policy --- Éducation --- Éducation.
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In the fifth century BC, the Athenian Empire dominated the politics and culture of the Mediterranean world. This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the history and significance of the Athenian Empire. It starts by exploring possible answers to the crucial questions of the origins and growth of the empire. Subsequent sections deal with the institutions and regulations of empire, and the mechanisms by which it was controlled; the costs and benefits of imperialism (for both rulers and ruled); and the ideological, cultural and artistic aspects of Athenian power. The articles collected here engage with the full range of evidence available - literary, epigraphic, archaeological and art-historical - and offer a compelling demonstration of the range of approaches, and conclusions, for which that evidence allows. Key Features Articles in Greek and other foreign languages are translated into English*Provides access to a range of scholarly views on contested topics*Includes editorial introductions, timelines and a bibliography which provide orientation for students and scope for further study.
Greece --- Athens (Greece) --- History --- HISTORY / Ancient / Greece.
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