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Component variability, mismatch, and various noise effects are major contributors to design limitations in most modern IC processes. Mismatch and Noise in Modern IC Processes examines these related effects and how they affect the building block circuits of modern integrated circuits, from the perspective of a circuit designer. Variability usually refers to a large scale variation that can occur on a wafer to wafer and lot to lot basis, and over long distances on a wafer. This phenomenon is well understood and the effects of variability are included in most integrated circuit design with the use of corner or statistical component models. Mismatch, which is the emphasis of section I of the book, is a local level of variability that leaves the characteristics of adjacent transistors unmatched. This is of particular concern in certain analog and memory systems, but also has an effect on digital logic schemes, where uncertainty is introduced into delay times, which can reduce margins and introduce 'race' conditions. Noise is a dynamic effect that causes a local mismatch or variability that can vary during operation of a circuit, and is considered in section II. Noise can be the result of atomic effects in devices or circuit interactions, and both of these are discussed in terms of analog and digital circuitry. Table of Contents: Part I: Mismatch / Introduction / Variability and Mismatch in Digital Systems / Variability and Mismatch in Analog Systems I / Variability and Mismatch in Analog Systems II / Lifetime-Induced Variability / Mismatch in Nonconventional Processes / Mismatch Correction Circuits / Part II: Noise / Component and Digital Circuit Noise / Noise Effects in Digital Systems / Noise Effects in Analog Systems / Circuit Design to Minimize Noise Effects / Noise Considerations in SOI.
Engineering. --- Electronic circuits. --- Control engineering. --- Robotics. --- Automation. --- Computers. --- Technology and Engineering. --- Electronic Circuits and Systems. --- Control, Robotics, Automation. --- Computer Hardware.
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Internationalism --- Internationalisme --- International cooperation --- International economic relations --- National state --- Nationalism --- Post-communism --- #A9410A --- Postcommunism --- World politics --- Communism --- Consciousness, National --- Identity, National --- National consciousness --- National identity --- International relations --- Patriotism --- Political science --- Autonomy and independence movements --- Political messianism --- State, The --- National interest --- Self-determination, National --- Intellectual cooperation --- Cosmopolitanism --- International education --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- Economic sanctions --- Cooperation, International --- Global governance --- Institutions, International --- International institutions --- World order --- Cooperation --- International organization --- Nation-state
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Silicon on insulator (SOI) is a very attractive technology for large volume integrated circuit production and is particularly good for low-voltage, low-power and high-speed digital systems. SOI has also proved to be effective in various niche and growing markets. IC processes based on SOI are known to reduce susceptibility to radiation, and have been used for many years in high radiation environments. SOI is also used for power integrated circuits, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), integrated optics and high temperature applications. SOI offers numerous opportunities and challenges in the design of low-voltage and low-power CMOS circuits for both analog and digital applications. The benefits of this technology for digital applications have been clear for many years. The exploitation of SOI for analog and memory subsystems, meanwhile, has lagged behind digital developments, but is now beginning to attain a level of parity, with circuits that are in some cases improved over their bulk counterparts. SOI is suitable for digital, memory and analog designs, although it is not necessarily straightforward to convert circuits developed for bulk processes into SOI. Memory and most analog circuits either interface to, or are incorporated within, a digital environment. The design of analog circuits on SOI, in a mixed signal environment, and memory design in an embedded memory application are discussed. Various processes are examined and comparison is made between bulk and SOI circuit design concepts. SOI is the process of choice in various RF applications, particularly when digital circuitry is required. SOI Design: Analog Memory and Digital Techniques examines some of the basics, but is primarily concerned with circuit related issues. Static and dynamic logic circuit design has previously been studied in some detail, however, memory design for SOI and analog circuit designs have hitherto been examined only in a piecemeal manner. SOI material is considered here in terms of implementation that are promising or have been used elsewhere in circuit development, with historical perspective where appropriate. SOI Design: Analog, Memory and Digital Techniques will be of interest to circuit design engineers. It is also intended as a general graduate level text to introduce state of the art design principles for SOI circuit design.
Semiconductors --- Silicon-on-insulator technology. --- Semiconducteurs --- Silicium sur isolant --- Design and construction. --- Conception et construction --- Silicon-on-insulator technology --- Design and construction --- Computer engineering. --- Engineering. --- Semiconductors. --- Systems engineering. --- Electrical Engineering --- Electrical & Computer Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Electrical engineering. --- Electronic circuits. --- Circuits and Systems. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Electron-tube circuits --- Electric circuits --- Electron tubes --- Electronics --- Semiconductors - Design and construction
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A fascinating, engaged account of a country on the brink of change.
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"Thailand stands at a defining moment in history. Scores have been killed on the streets of Bangkok. Freedom of speech is routinely denied. Democracy appears increasingly distant. And many Thais feel that the death of King Bhumibol Adulya will unleash even greater instability. Breaking Thailand's draconian lèse majesté law, Andrew MacGregor Marshall is one of the only journalists covering contemporary Thailand to tell the whole story. He provides a comprehensive explanation that for the first time makes sense of the crisis, revealing the unacknowledged succession conflict that has become entangled with the struggle for democracy"--Page 4 of cover.
Democracy --- Lese majesty --- Démocratie --- Lèse-majesté --- Thailand --- Thailand --- Thaïlande --- Thaïlande --- Politics and government --- Kings and rulers --- Politique et gouvernement --- Rois et souverains
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