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Negli ultimi anni migliaia di foreign fighters sono partiti da piu di 100 paesi per unirsi a gruppi armati, specialmente di matrice jihadista, in Siria e Iraq e in altri teatri di guerra. Il fenomeno ha interessato anche l'Italia, anche se in misura assai piu ridotta rispetto ad altri paesi europei. I foreign fighters d'Italia sono, infatti, circa 130. Quali sono le caratteristiche socio-demografiche di questi individui? Dove risiedevano prima di partire? Facevano parte di network estremistici in Italia e in Europa? Quale ruolo hanno assunto nell'area del conflitto? Quanti sono gia ritornati? Esistono profili comuni? Questi sono solo alcuni degli interrogativi a cui questo Rapporto ISPI cerca di dare una risposta. Tramite un'analisi dettagliata dei profili dei foreign fighters legati all'Italia, sulla base di dati originali, vengono messe in evidenza, per la prima volta, le peculiarita dell'intero contingente nazionale, anche grazie al confronto con gli altri paesi occidentali.

Muslims --- Muslims.

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Negli ultimi tre anni l’Europa e il Nord America sono state colpite da un’ondata senza precedenti di attacchi terroristici, eseguiti da individui ispirati dall’ideologia jihadista. Chi sono gli autori di questi attentati? Sono nati e cresciuti in Occidente o sono rifugiati e migranti? Come si sono radicalizzati? Erano ben istruiti e integrati o, al contrario, vivevano ai margini della società? Hanno agito da soli? Quali erano le loro connessioni con lo Stato Islamico? Rispondere a questi e altri interrogativi è utile per comprendere la natura e la portata della minaccia e per riuscire a individuare soluzioni politiche adeguate, basate sull’evidenza empirica. Lo studio – il primo di questo tipo – mira ad analizzare il profilo demografico, le traiettorie di radicalizzazione e i legami con lo Stato Islamico degli individui che hanno compiuto attacchi di matrice jihadista in Europa e Nord America dalla proclamazione del sedicente Califfato nel giugno del 2014.

Terrorism --- Acts of terrorism --- Attacks, Terrorist --- Global terrorism --- International terrorism --- Political terrorism --- Terror attacks --- Terrorist acts --- Terrorist attacks --- World terrorism --- Direct action --- Insurgency --- Political crimes and offenses --- Subversive activities --- Political violence --- Terror

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Over the last three years Europe and North America have been hit by an unprecedented wave of terrorist attacks perpetrated by individuals motivated by jihadist ideology. Who are the individuals who have carried out these attacks? Were they born and raised in the West? Or were they an “imported threat”, refugees and migrants? How did they radicalize? Were they well educated and integrated, or social outcasts? Did they act alone? What were their connections to the Islamic State? The answers to these and other questions have large implications for our understanding of the threat facing us and, consequently, help us design sounder policy solutions built on empirical evidence. This study, the first of its kind, seeks to analyze the demographic profile, radicalization trajectories and connections to the Islamic State of all the individuals who have carried out attacks inspired by jihadist ideology in North America and Europe in the three years since the proclamation of the caliphate in June 2014.

Terrorism

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Over the last three years Europe and North America have been hit by an unprecedented wave of terrorist attacks perpetrated by individuals motivated by jihadist ideology. Who are the individuals who have carried out these attacks? Were they born and raised in the West? Or were they an “imported threat”, refugees and migrants? How did they radicalize? Were they well educated and integrated, or social outcasts? Did they act alone? What were their connections to the Islamic State? The answers to these and other questions have large implications for our understanding of the threat facing us and, consequently, help us design sounder policy solutions built on empirical evidence. This study, the first of its kind, seeks to analyze the demographic profile, radicalization trajectories and connections to the Islamic State of all the individuals who have carried out attacks inspired by jihadist ideology in North America and Europe in the three years since the proclamation of the caliphate in June 2014.

Terrorism