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For the past two decades, experiments in decentralization and federalization havebeen developing in Africa, Asia, and the formerly communist states of EasternEurope. Many of the powers previously in the hands of the central governmentor its deconcentrated structures have been transferred to lower government layers.Additionally, local governments are gradually emerging as development actors.Whatever the reasons for decentralization, the transfer of new functions to localgovernments can be substantive, at least in intent.The Political Economy of Decentralization in Sub-Saharan Africa offers a ne
Local finance --- Decentralization in government --- Fiscal policy --- Finance, Public --- Intergovernmental fiscal relations --- Economic aspects --- Federal-state fiscal relations --- Fiscal relations, Intergovernmental --- State-local fiscal relations --- Cameralistics --- Public finance --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Centralization in government --- Devolution in government --- Government centralization --- Government decentralization --- Government devolution --- County finance --- Finance, Local --- Township finance --- Government policy --- Federal government --- Currency question --- Economic policy --- Political science --- Central-local government relations --- Local government --- Public administration --- Grants-in-aid --- Law and legislation --- Public finances
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The development of patent markets should allow for better circulation of knowledge and more efficient allocation of technologies at a global level. However, the beneficial role of patents has recently come under scrutiny by those favouring 'open' innovation, and important questions have been asked, namely: How can we estimate the value of patents? How do we ensure matching between supply and demand for such specific goods? Can these markets be competitive? Can we create a financial market for intellectual property rights? In this edited book, a team of authors addresses these key questions to bring readers up to date with current debates about the role of patents in a global economy. They draw on recent developments in economic analysis but also ground the discussion with the basics of patent and knowledge economics. Striking a balance between institutional analysis, theory and empirical evidence, the book will appeal to a broad readership of academics, students and practitioners.
Industrial and intellectual property --- Knowledge management --- Intellectual property --- Patents --- Business and economics --- Knowledge management. --- Intellectual property. --- Patents.
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