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The range of problems that can be solved with the use of powerful radiation installations is determined: generation of nanosecond ultrahigh-frequency (microwave) pulses, collective acceleration of charged particles, the implementation of a controlled fusion reaction, and the creation of high-power lasers. In this edition, the questions posed for the SCM were solved using the example of single crystals of magnesium oxide. By the beginning of the authors' work, the structure of the color centers induced by radiation in magnesium oxide, the positions of the maxima of the optical absorption and luminescence bands, as well as the values of their half-widths and the temperature range of stability, were sufficiently established. There is practically no information about the location of internode ions in magnesium oxide crystals, and methods for their registration have not been worked out. These data are particularly important since the efficiency of the accumulation of radiation defects depends to a certain extent on the efficiency of fixing displaced of in the crystal lattice. However, all studies confirming this point of view were carried out using low and medium levels of arousal. The effect of high absorbed radiation energy capacities on the formation and accumulation of radiation defects in magnesium oxide crystals has not been practically studied.

Materials. --- Chemical engineering. --- Crystallography. --- Materials Engineering. --- Chemical Process Engineering. --- Crystallography and Scattering Methods.

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The book presents the latest developments and new directions in advanced control systems, as well as new theoretical discoveries, industrial applications, and case studies of complex engineering systems and materials science. The technological breakthrough at this stage is associated with digital transformation. It is assumed that innovations from different industries interact in a complex way. At the same time, fundamental research and its industrial implementation underlie the developed products and technologies and are aimed at improving modern technological processes and achievements. However, digital transformation not only opens up new opportunities, but also creates additional risks. The authors thank the Springer Nature team for cooperation.

Materials. --- Engineering design. --- Nanotechnology. --- Materials Engineering. --- Engineering Design. --- Nanoengineering. --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- High technology --- Design, Engineering --- Engineering --- Industrial design --- Strains and stresses --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Design --- Materials

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This book presents the latest advances and emerging trends in research and industrial applications in non-destructive testing, manufacturing and process safety and diagnostics and materials science. With technological advances, the modern world is on the verge of a new industrial revolution, being in the stage of digital transformation, when innovations from different industries interpenetrate and complement each other. The School of Non-Destructive Testing, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Russia, promotes scientific research and industrial application of non-destructive testing and materials science technologies and related tests, as well as methods, to ensure safe manufacturing processes. Today, research and technology advancement is driven by innovations, and there is a need for publications to stimulate the formation and continuous training of specialists in non-destructive testing, materials science and safety. This book can be used as a complementary technical document to upgrade the skills of specialists in non-destructive testing, materials science and safety, and as a primary resource for training managers and decision-makers in various industries. Innovations in the fields of non-destructive testing, production and process safety, diagnostics and materials science and books that highlight the best and instructive are central to our technological world. I am pleased to see this comprehensive book taking shape and advancing this field to the next generation of scientists seeking for new research opportunities.

Electrical engineering --- Applied physical engineering --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- neuronale netwerken --- fuzzy logic --- cybernetica --- toegepaste mechanica --- automatisering --- KI (kunstmatige intelligentie) --- automatische regeltechniek --- AI (artificiële intelligentie)