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This book examines how ruling elites manage and manipulate their political opposition in the Middle East. In contrast to discussions of government-opposition relations that focus on how rulers either punish or co-opt opponents, this book focuses on the effect of institutional rules governing the opposition. It argues rules determining who is and is not allowed to participate in the formal political arena affect not only the relationships between opponents and the state, but also between various opposition groups. This affects the dynamics of opposition during prolonged economic crises. It also shapes the informal strategies that ruling elites use toward opponents. The argument is presented using a formal model of government-opposition relations. It is demonstrated in the cases of Egypt under Presidents Nasir, Sadat and Mubarek; Jordan under King Husayn; and Morocco under King Hasan II.

Opposition (Political science) --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Political participation --- Citizen participation --- Community action --- Community involvement --- Community participation --- Involvement, Community --- Mass political behavior --- Participation, Citizen --- Participation, Community --- Participation, Political --- Political activity --- Political behavior --- Political rights --- Social participation --- Political activists --- Politics, Practical --- Elites (Social sciences) --- Leadership --- Power (Social sciences) --- Social classes --- Social groups --- Political opposition --- Political science --- Divided government --- Arab countries --- Egypt --- Jordan --- Morocco --- Arab world --- Arabic countries --- Arabic-speaking states --- Islamic countries --- Middle East --- Politics and government --- Social Sciences --- Political Science

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Arab Spring, 2010 --- -Protest movements --- Social movements --- Revolutions --- Democratization --- Printemps arabe, 2010 --- -Contestation --- Mouvements sociaux --- Révolutions --- Démocratisation --- Etats arabes --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Printemps arabe (2010-....) --- Pays arabes --- Révolutions --- Démocratisation --- Social movements - Arab countries --- -Protest movements - Arab countries --- Revolutions - Arab countries --- Democratization - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Politics and government - 21st century

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Social sciences

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Political sociology --- Politics