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For many decades scientists have been trying to discern the underlying mechanisms of forgetting. Over time, the idea grew that retroactive (RI) and proactive (PI) memory interference may play a major role herein. These phenomena refer to the disruption of a newly formed memory by information learned later and earlier, respectively. RI appears to be time-dependent: the more time between sequencing tasks, the less interference happens. PI, on the other hand, seems similarity-dependent: more similarity between the tasks means more interference. Many different mechanisms underlying these phenomena are yet defined, but more research is needed on an integrated view.