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This book mainly focuses on the sampled-data control of logical networks. We believe that the methods (semi-tensor product of matrices), results (recent results on Boolean control networks under periodic sampled-data control, Boolean control networks under aperiodic sampled-data control, and logical control networks under event-triggered control) and topics (logical networks) in this book have become of particular interest to readers recently. Firstly, logical networks are of interest due to their rich range of applications in biology, game theory, coding, finite automata, graph theory, and other fields. Secondly, semi-tensor product of matrices offers a useful tool for formulating, analyzing and designing controllers for logical networks. Moreover, this book is the first to introduce sampled-data control into the study of logical control networks. All research results in this book are novel and worthy of further study. The book's content is divided into three parts (Boolean control networks under periodic sampled-data control, Boolean control networks under aperiodic sampled-data control, and logical control networks under event-triggered control), which essentially progress from easier to more difficult. In addition, corresponding examples and diagrams are included in each section to facilitate understanding.

Operational research. Game theory --- Mathematical statistics --- Probability theory --- Computer. Automation --- waarschijnlijkheidstheorie --- complexiteit --- stochastische analyse --- statistiek --- systeemtheorie --- informatietechnologie --- kansrekening

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As the first case of novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19) was reported in 2020 [1], it soon spread worldwide and turned into a public health emergency [2]. One key point to slow the spread of the disease is the rapid and accurate detection of the virus RNA. In this project, three three detection methods were compared to detect the DNA product resulting from LAMP-PCR using Covid-RNA target. The electrochemical test was designed to use Methylene blue as a redox reporter to bind on the gold surface upon DNA hybridization. However, the electrochemical results still show the amplification process with the peak height, which would be a result of the change in the pH. The advantage of the electrochemical biosensor is the high sensitivity and detailed information about the surface of the working electrode. The disadvantages of the electrochemical biosensor include a low tolerance for background noises, the requirement for pretreatment of the electrodes, and a potentiostat. In the colorimetric test, the color change is detectable after 15 minutes and was more obvious after 30 minutes. Yet the sensitivity is low as the naked eye cannot distinguish subtle color changes. Chambers should have a diameter larger than 2.5mm with a thickness of 2mm for results observable to the naked eye. The advantage of using colorimetric detection is that the detection is cheap and easy, and no extra machines are needed for detection. The fluorescent detection also shows signals after about 8 minutes. A higher increasing rate of the signals as well as an earlier reveal of signals were detected for the increasing starting concentration of RNAs. The advantage of using fluorescent detection would be that the changes in relative fluorescence units during the whole process could be monitored and the result could be precisely quantized. It also has a better sensitivity than the colorimetric while the disadvantage is the requirement for external devices.