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In Divided Highways, Tom Lewis offers an encompassing account of highway development in the United States. In the early twentieth century Congress created the Bureau of Public Roads to improve roads and the lives of rural Americans. The Bureau was the forerunner of the Interstate Highway System of 1956, which promoted a technocratic approach to modern road building sometimes at the expense of individual lives, regional characteristics, and the landscape. With thoughtful analysis and engaging prose Lewis charts the development of the Interstate system, including the demographic and economic pressures that influenced its planning and construction and the disputes that pitted individuals and local communities against engineers and federal administrators.This is a story of America's hopes for its future life and the realities of its present condition. It is an engaging history of the people and policies that profoundly transformed the American landscape-and the daily lives of Americans. In this updated edition of Divided Highways, Lewis brings his story of the Interstate system up to date, concluding with Boston's troubled and yet triumphant Big Dig project, the growing antipathy for big federal infrastructure projects, and the uncertain economics of highway projects both present and future.

Roads --- Transportation, Automotive --- Business & Economics --- Transportation Economics --- History --- Social aspects --- History. --- Automotive transportation --- Highway transportation --- Motor carriers --- Motor transportation --- Road transportation --- Highways --- Roadways --- Thoroughfares --- Automobiles --- Transportation --- Highway engineering --- Pavements --- Social aspects&delete& --- E-books

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While scholarship has analysed the battles of the Wars of the Roses and many of the weapons wielded by soldiers of the time, it is still a matter for conjecture how battles of this period were fought at unit and individual level. With many of the practical details lost to time, and a lack of contemporary accounts, books and films have distorted the general understanding of how a medieval battle could have unfolded. So how did medieval soldiers in the War of the Roses, embroiled in the infantry fighting, carry out their grim work? Military historian and intelligence analyst Tom Lewis examines the weapons and types of soldiers deployed in battles; and explores the logical arrangement of armies and necessary command decisions. The study puts forward three new hypotheses: that medieval combat likely would have seen a command arrangement at the front of the battle lines to avoid exhaustion being a devastating negative factor; that a rout in the aftermath of medieval battles was likely less devastating to the loser than previously thought; and that combatants and fatalities were both over-reported for medieval battles. These theories are further explored in a case study of the battle of Towton. -- Dust jacket.

Military art and science --- Art et science militaires --- History --- Histoire --- 500-1500 --- Great Britain --- Grande-Bretagne --- Great Britain.

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This topical collection of chapters examines secular society and the legal protection of religion and belief across Europe, both in general and more nation-specific terms. The expectations of many that religion in modern Europe would be swept away by the powerful current of secularization have not been realised, and today few topics generate more controversy than the complex relationship between religious and secular values. The 'religious/secular' relationship is examined in this book, which brings together scholars from different parts of Europe and beyond to provide insights into the methods by which religion and equivalent beliefs have been, and continue to be, protected in the legal systems and constitutions of European nations. The contributors' chapters reveal that the oft-tumultuous legacy of Europe's relationship with religion still resonates across a continent where legal, political and social contours have been powerfully shaped by faith and religious difference. Covering recent controversies such as the Islamic headscarf, and the presence of the crucifix in school class-rooms, this book will appeal to academics and students in law, human rights and the social sciences, as well as law and policy makers and NGOs in the field of human rights

Sociology of religion --- Human rights --- Europe --- Freedom of religion --- Secularism --- Religion and sociology --- Religion. --- Freedom of religion - Europe. --- Secularism - Europe. --- Religion and sociology - Europe. --- Europe - Religion.

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"Whether readers are starting out on the sustainability journey, looking to build institutional support, or working to accelerate action against ambitious commitments, Future Ready will serve as an essential guide to setting (or upleveling) strategy, driving implementation in complex operating environments, engaging stakeholders, measuring impact, and communicating the results. Grounded in nearly 150 years of experience, this book will equip readers with unprecedented insights into headline grabbing mega-projects and a behind-the-scenes look at unsung efforts that are revolutionizing the very concepts of sustainability and resilience."--

Industrial management --- Climatic changes. --- Environmental aspects. --- E-books

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Spanish literature --- Literature and state --- Political aspects. --- Spain --- Spain --- Spain --- Civilization --- Civilization --- Civilization