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A world-renowned scholar of plainchant, Kenneth Levy has spent a portion of his career investigating the nature and ramifications of this repertory's shift from an oral tradition to the written versions dating to the tenth century. In Gregorian Chant and the Carolingians, which represents the culmination of his research, Levy seeks to change long-held perceptions about certain crucial stages of the evolution and dissemination of the old corpus of plainchant--most notably the assumption that such a large and complex repertory could have become and remained fixed for over a century while still an oral tradition. Levy portrays the promulgation of an authoritative body of plainchant during the reign of Charlemagne by clearly differentiating between actual evidence, hypotheses, and received ideas. How many traditions of oral chant existed before the tenth century? Among the variations noted in written chant, can one point to a single version as being older or more authentic than the others? What precursors might there have been to the notational system used in all the surviving manuscripts, where the notational system seems fully formed and mature? In answering questions that have long vexed many scholars of Gregorian chant's early history, Levy offers fresh explanations of such topics as the origin of Latin neumes, the shifting relationships between memory and early notations, and the puzzling differences among the first surviving neume-species from the tenth century, which have until now impeded a critical restoration of the Carolingian musical forms.

Gregorian chants --- Neumes --- Music --- Chant grégorien --- Musique --- History and criticism --- Histoire et critique --- History and criticism. --- Chant grégorien --- Instruction and study --- Chants (Plain, Gregorian, etc.) --- Aachen. --- Ad te Domine levavi. --- Ad te levavi. --- Aquitaine. --- Aurelian of Réóme. --- Ave Maria, Bamberg. --- Benedict of Aniane. --- Berno of Reichenau. --- Blandiniensis. --- Brittany. --- Canosa Missal. --- Charlemagne. --- Chartres. --- Cologne. --- Cum audisset. --- Desiderius. --- Deus in nomine tuo. --- Dijon. --- Echternach. --- Einsiedeln. --- England. --- Erit hie vobis. --- Ferretti, Paolo. --- France. --- Gaul. --- Gran. --- Grenoble. --- Haec dicit. --- Hartker. --- Homer. --- Hucke, Helmut. --- Jammers, Ewald. --- Jerusalem. --- John of Saragossa. --- Korvey. --- Laon. --- Leander of Seville. --- Liber Commicus. --- Locus iste. --- Lotharingia. --- Louis the German. --- Medicaea. --- Metz. --- Mount Sinai. --- Nonantola. --- Oravi Deum. --- Passau Gradual. --- Posuisti. --- Rome. --- Soissons. --- St Amand. --- Stavelot. --- Tours. --- Vienna. --- Chant (Plain, Gregorian, etc.) --- Franco-Roman chants --- Gregorian chant --- Old Roman chants --- Plainchant --- Plainchants --- Plainsong --- Roman chants --- Chants

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chansons --- liederen --- Jeune, le, Claude

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"This book presents a holistic approach to treating patients with personality disorders that seeks to inspire psychotherapists and encourage innovation. Focusing on core mechanisms of change that span different therapeutic approaches, this book invites clinicians and researchers to join a dialogue with the authors, as they examine personality disorders from different theoretical perspectives, including dialectical behavior therapy, transference-focused therapy, plan analysis, clarification-oriented, and emotion-focused therapies. The authors explore five functional domains that underlie assessment and treatment for personality disorders: emotion dysregulation, disturbed social interaction, identity problems, impulsivity, and cognitive disturbances. Each domain is analyzed through an in-depth case example, with case conceptualizations and the careful evaluation of clinical decisions that must be made at key points in therapy. The authors then compare their different approaches, emphasizing commonalities among them while also pointing out notable differences. They also offer clear and compelling recommendations for maintaining and strengthening the therapeutic alliance. The final chapter synthesizes key takeaways from across the book to create a clear path towards enhancing clinical practice"--

Personality disorders. --- Personality disorders --- Psychotherapy --- Treatment. --- Methodology.