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L'État-providence n'a jamais été autant décrié qu'aujourd'hui, alors qu'il n'a sans doute jamais été aussi nécessaire. Les critiques qu'il doit essuyer viennent de ceux qui veulent en réduire la voilure comme de ceux qui le trouvent incapable de remplir ses principales missions. Les multiples fractures sociales qui ont conduit une partie de la population à douter des politiques censées la secourir pour finir par basculer dans le vote populiste redonnent toute sa justification à un État-providence plus performant et soucieux de combler le fossé séparant une partie de la population socialement intégrée de celle qui compte les exclus. C'est dans cette perspective que se place cet ouvrage. Il présente d'abord un portrait social des pays européens en mettant l'accent sur la France. Il analyse la performance de leurs États-providence face à des obstacles qui ont pour noms "globalisation" et "individualisme". Il aborde ensuite les principaux domaines où il peut et doit avoir une action : la santé, l'emploi, la retraite et la famille. Il conclut en proposant un certain nombre de recommandations concrètes

Welfare state --- Public welfare --- European Union --- France --- European Union countries --- Social policy --- État providence --- Aide sociale --- Union européenne --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Politique sociale --- Union européenne. --- European Union. --- Politique sociale. --- État-providence --- --European Union --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Welfare state - European Union countries --- Welfare state - France --- Public welfare - France --- Public welfare - European Union countries --- France - Social policy --- European Union countries - Social policy --- État providence --- Union européenne.

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The paper studies the labor market participation of older workers in Belgium over the last 3 decades. It outlines the changes to the institutional framework of relevance for labor market participation and employment. Drawing on data from the European Union Labour Force Survey (LFS) over the period 1983-2013, we provide evidence of the trends in participation in (early-) retirement routes. We also explore how the jobs occupied by older workers have changed over time, both in terms of their "quality" and the "quantity" of work involved. Part-time work is found to become more common, though with different attributes for men and women.

Zonder onderwerpscode: economie

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Zonder onderwerpscode: economie

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Many Belgian retire well before the statutory retirement age. Numerous exit routes from the labor force can be identified: old-age pensions, conventional early retirement, disability insurance, and unemployment insurance are the most prominent ones. We analyze the retirement decision of Belgian workers adopting an option value framework, and pay special attention to the role of health status. We estimate probit models of retirement using data from SHARE. The results show that health and incentives matter in the decision to exit from the labor market. Based on these results, we simulate the effect of potential reforms on retirement.

Zonder onderwerpscode: economie

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In this paper, we describe the changes of (early) retirement programs over time and study the link between trends in elderly labor force participation and youth unemployment. From a theoretical point of view, there is no convincing argument that the idea of a lump-of-labor should hold. Our empirical results comfort this finding, and indicate a very weak link, if any, between elderly retirement and activity among the young and the prime-age populations.

Retirees --- Youth --- Retirement age. --- Pensions --- Compensation --- Pension plans --- Retirement pensions --- Superannuation --- Retirement income --- Annuities --- Social security individual investment accounts --- Vested benefits --- Age of retirement --- Pension age --- Age and employment --- Retirement, Mandatory --- Young people --- Young persons --- Youngsters --- Youths --- Age groups --- Life cycle, Human --- Employment. --- Employment --- Labor --- Demography --- Economics of the Elderly --- Economics of the Handicapped --- Non-labor Market Discrimination --- Retirement --- Retirement Policies --- Labor Standards: Labor Force Composition --- Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Labour --- income economics --- Population & demography --- Aging --- Labor force participation --- Unemployment --- Labor markets --- Population aging --- Labor market --- Belgium --- Income economics