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In the late 1990s, planning authorities in the Vietnamese capital of Hanoi pushed the imaginary line between city and country several kilometres westward, engulfing dozens of rural settlements. As state policies forced rapid urbanization, villagers whose families had farmed the land for generations saw rice fields levelled, irrigation canals filled, and large avenues flanked by residential towers, big-box stores, and office buildings spring up. Danielle Labb� considers a century of change to the settlement of Hoa Muc � a community that underwent a rapid transition from rural village to urban neighbourhood. Through extensive research in the community, Labb� studies not only the changing lives of villagers, but also the state regulations and territorialization projects that drove these changes on the outskirts of Hanoi, and the early urban changes in the decades that preceded the reforms and continue to influence the area's urbanization. Despite the new buildings, the end of farming activities, and the arrival of a large new population, the former villagers still consider Hoa Muc their homeland. The compelling story of this single village is both a portrait of a population that has endured despite drastic upheavals and a new analytical window onto Vietnam's ongoing urban transition.

Urbanization --- City planning --- History. --- Hanoi (Vietnam) --- Social conditions

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Social sciences (general)

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Vietnam is in the midst of one of the world's most rapid and intensive rural-to-urban transitions. In Hanoi, heritage preservation has gained significant policy attention over the last decades, but efforts continue to focus on the Old Quarter and Colonial City to the exclusion of collective socialist housing complexes and former village areas, and natural features such as canals and urban lakes. Parks and public spaces are urgently needed to offset the high residential densities and to improve the quality of life of residents. Motor vehicles continue to fuel the growth in transportation. Significant efforts were recently made to establish a mass transit system, but progress there is slow. More attention should be paid to improving the existing transportation system and to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Investments in new housing estates have fuelled a speculative real estate market but failed to address adequately the needs of the vulnerable segments of the population. Regional integration is a challenge as the city expands and swallows the peri-urban areas around the city.

Urbanization. --- City planning. --- Urbanisme --- Urbanisation --- City planning --- Urbanization --- Vietnam --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Urban development --- Urban systems --- Cities and towns --- Social history --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Urban policy --- Rural-urban migration --- Civic planning --- Land use, Urban --- Model cities --- Redevelopment, Urban --- Slum clearance --- Town planning --- Urban design --- Urban planning --- Land use --- Planning --- Art, Municipal --- Civic improvement --- Regional planning --- Urban renewal --- Government policy --- Management --- Betʻŭnam --- Biet Nam --- Bietnam --- Biyetnan --- Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam --- Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam --- Fītnām --- Fīyatnām --- Fiyitnām --- I︠U︡zhnyĭ Vʹetnam --- National Republic of Vietnam --- Nước Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam --- Petʻŭnam --- Republica Socialista de Vietnam --- Rèpublica socialista du Viêt Nam --- République socialiste du Vietnam --- RSV --- RSVN --- S.R.V. --- Satsyi︠a︡listychnai︠a︡ Rėspublika V'etnam --- Socialist Republic of Viet Nam --- Socialist Republic of Vietnam --- Sosialistiese Republiek Viëtnam --- Sot︠s︡ialisticheska republika Vietnam --- Sot︠s︡ialisticheskai︠a︡ Respublika Vʹetnam --- SRV --- SRVN --- Vʹet-Nam --- Vʹetnam --- Viet-Nam --- Vijetnam --- Vītnām --- Vīyitnām --- Vjetnamio --- Vyetnam --- Vyetnam Sosialist Respublikası --- Wietnam --- Yüeh-nan --- Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка В'етнам --- Социалистическа република Виетнам --- Виетнам --- В'етнам --- فيتنام --- Vietnam (Democratic Republic) --- Vietnam (Republic)

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Installée dans « le coude du fleuve Rouge », Hà Nội compte parmi les plus anciennes capitales d'Asie du Sud-Est. Au fil des siècles, la ville s'est constituée sur un dense substrat de villages. Avec l'ouverture économique des années 1980, Hà Nội rencontre de nombreux blocages pour s'étendre : l'absence d'un réel marché foncier, des densités très élevées, une politique d'autosuffisance alimentaire qui limite les expropriations et la contrainte hydraulique de ce delta très vulnérable. Depuis le début du nouveau millénaire, le changement de vitesse opéré par l'État et les promoteurs immobiliers dans la construction et la planication de la province-capitale pose le problème de l'intégration des villages qui s'urbanisent in situ, du maintien d'une ceinture verte et de la protection contre les inondations. La fusion ville-campagne, qui a toujours fait la spécificité du delta du fleuve Rouge, semble remise en cause. À partir d'un riche corpus de cartes et d'études de terrain, cet ouvrage collectif montre comment l'urbanisation au ras des terroirs est confrontée à l'urbanisation « par le haut », la métropolisation. Combinant les approches disciplinaires à plusieurs échelles spatiales et sociales dans une perspective dynamique, il permet de mesurer l'impact des grands projets de développement urbain sur la vie des villages intégrés dans la fabrique de la ville, et de replacer la strate villageoise périurbaine comme acteur à part entière de la diversité sociodémographique de cette métropole en formation.

Urban Studies --- Hanoï --- Vietnam --- vie urbaine --- utilisation du sol --- périurbanisation