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Why sex matters Among human and nonhuman animals, the prevalence and intensity of infection typically is higher in males than females and may reflect differences in exposure as well as susceptibility to pathogens. Elevated immunity among females is a double-edged sword in which it is beneficial against infectious diseases but is detrimental in terms of increased development of autoimmune diseases. The present book critically reviews the evolutionary origin and the functional mechanisms responsible for sexual dimorphism in response to infection. It emphasizes the value of examining responses in both males and females to improve our understanding about host-pathogen interactions in both sexes. The contributors are experts in their specific disciplines which range from microbiology and immunology to genetics, pathology, and evolutionary biology. The book aims at bringing insight to the treatment and management of infectious diseases; it delineates areas where knowledge is lacking and highlights future avenues of research.

Autoimmune diseases. --- Hormones, Sex. --- Immunity -- Endocrine aspects. --- Infection. --- Sex differences. --- Hormones, Sex --- Sex differences --- Immunity --- Infection --- Autoimmune diseases --- Communicable Diseases --- Gonadal Steroid Hormones --- Sex Characteristics --- Immune System Phenomena --- Gonadal Hormones --- Reproductive Physiological Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Hormones --- Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena --- Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists --- Diseases --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Biology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Endocrine aspects --- Autoimmunologic diseases --- Medicine. --- Immunology. --- Endocrinology. --- Biochemistry. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Microbiology. --- Animal genetics. --- Biomedicine. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Animal Biochemistry. --- Animal Genetics and Genomics. --- Autoimmunity --- Immunologic diseases --- Female sex hormone --- Male sex hormone --- Sex hormones --- Steroid hormones --- Gender differences --- Sexual dimorphism in humans --- Sex differentiation

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This book provides an overview of the underlying sex-based and hormone-based differences in immunity, wound healing and pharmacokinetics, while also exploring how pregnancy affects immunity. The second part of the book shows, for the first time in a single volume, the growing number of infectious diseases for which sex and gender differences are noted, identifies common as well as distinct mechanisms mediating these differences and illustrates how responses to treatments might differ between the sexes. The awareness that males and females differ in their response to specific pathogens as well as to treatments for infectious diseases may yield sex-specific personalized treatments. This book will be of interest to basic scientists and clinicians in the fields of microbiology, immunology and pharmacology. Individuals working in academia, government and industry will also benefit from the information presented.

Biomedicine. --- Immunology. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Microbiology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Medicine. --- Toxicology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Médecine --- Immunologie --- Toxicologie --- Maladies infectieuses émergentes --- Microbiologie --- Communicable diseases -- Sex factors. --- Communicable diseases -- Treatment -- Sex factors. --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Communicable diseases --- Treatment --- Sex factors. --- Contagion and contagious diseases --- Contagious diseases --- Infectious diseases --- Microbial diseases in human beings --- Zymotic diseases --- Pharmacology. --- Infectious diseases. --- Diseases --- Infection --- Epidemics --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Microbial biology --- Microorganisms --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Immunobiology --- Life sciences --- Serology --- Toxicology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Chemotherapy --- Drugs --- Pharmacy --- Physiological effect

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• Reference Manager
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This book provides an overview of the underlying sex-based and hormone-based differences in immunity, wound healing and pharmacokinetics, while also exploring how pregnancy affects immunity. The second part of the book shows, for the first time in a single volume, the growing number of infectious diseases for which sex and gender differences are noted, identifies common as well as distinct mechanisms mediating these differences and illustrates how responses to treatments might differ between the sexes. The awareness that males and females differ in their response to specific pathogens as well as to treatments for infectious diseases may yield sex-specific personalized treatments. This book will be of interest to basic scientists and clinicians in the fields of microbiology, immunology and pharmacology. Individuals working in academia, government and industry will also benefit from the information presented.

General microbiology --- History of human medicine --- Immunology. Immunopathology --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- immunologie --- farmacologie --- microbiologie --- toxicologie --- besmettelijke ziekten --- gender

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Why sex matters Among human and nonhuman animals, the prevalence and intensity of infection typically is higher in males than females and may reflect differences in exposure as well as susceptibility to pathogens. Elevated immunity among females is a double-edged sword in which it is beneficial against infectious diseases but is detrimental in terms of increased development of autoimmune diseases. The present book critically reviews the evolutionary origin and the functional mechanisms responsible for sexual dimorphism in response to infection. It emphasizes the value of examining responses in both males and females to improve our understanding about host-pathogen interactions in both sexes. The contributors are experts in their specific disciplines which range from microbiology and immunology to genetics, pathology, and evolutionary biology. The book aims at bringing insight to the treatment and management of infectious diseases; it delineates areas where knowledge is lacking and highlights future avenues of research.

Evolution. Phylogeny --- Genetics --- General microbiology --- General biochemistry --- Animal biochemistry --- Animal genetics. Animal evolution --- Immunology. Immunopathology --- Pathological endocrinology --- immunologie --- biochemie --- microbiologie --- endocrinologie --- genetica --- Europees recht