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This book investigates how, while children used as soldiers are primarily perceived as victims of offences against international law, they also commit war atrocities. In the aftermath of armed conflict, the mainstream justice system targets warlords internationally, armed groups and militias’ commanders who abduct and enrol children as combatants, leaving child perpetrators not being held accountable for their alleged gross human rights violations. Attempts to prosecute child soldiers through the mainstream justice system have resulted in child rights abuses. Where no accountability measures have been taken, demobilised young soldiers have experienced rejection, and eventually, some have returned to soldiering. This research provides evidence of the potential of restorative justice peacemaking circles and locally-based jurisprudence – specifically the Baraza - to hold former child soldiers accountable and facilitate their reintegration into society.

Political science. --- Criminology. --- Consciousness. --- Political Science. --- Criminology and Criminal Justice, general. --- Personality and Social Psychology. --- International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict. --- Apperception --- Mind and body --- Perception --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Spirit --- Self --- Crime --- Social sciences --- Criminals --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- State, The --- Study and teaching --- Personality. --- Social psychology. --- International humanitarian law. --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- War (International law) --- Mass psychology --- Psychology, Social --- Human ecology --- Social groups --- Sociology --- Personal identity --- Personality psychology --- Personality theory --- Personality traits --- Personology --- Traits, Personality --- Individuality --- Persons --- Temperament

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Cognitive psychology --- Social psychology --- Politics --- Law of armed conflicts. Humanitarian law --- International law --- Criminology. Victimology --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- strafrecht --- politiek --- criminologie --- bewustzijn --- criminaliteit --- internationaal recht --- persoonlijkheidsleer --- Congo

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This book explores the theoretical contribution of peace ecology to the understanding and practice of environmental and conventional peacebuilding. It integrates environmental questions and factors that drive socio-political violence and climate change-induced violence in Sub-Saharan Africa in the Anthropocene. · It demonstrates how international peace and global security are no longer solely grounded in conventional peacebuilding that has evolved from liberal to democratic peace theories, but rather in the complex, critical and synergic relations between peace studies and environmental studies. · It provides a pluridisciplinary body of knowledge that emphasises the need for food security, social climate, social good, social capital and sustainable development at the age of climate change and climate wars. · It underscores the potential of peace ecology to reduce the Earth systems' vulnerability, to mitigate anthropogenic global warming's consequences on humanity, the ecosystem and biodiversity. · It yields various models of peacebuilding, conflict-sensitive and climate-sensitive adaptation strategies to enhance the African Region’s security and stability. Finally, this volume argues that planetary boundaries framework remains the safer space within which human and sustainable development can be pursued and attained, and future generations to thrive. A comprehensive and international response to socio-political violence and climate-change induced violence should take into account the vulnerability of individual countries, regions and the global world in order to achieve the dreams of a better future; that makes this book a cutting-edge scholarly work.

Environmental management. --- Environmental policy. --- Peace. --- Human ecology. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental Policy. --- Peace and Conflict Studies. --- Environmental Anthropology. --- Climatic changes --- Peace-building --- Social aspects

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Peace-building. --- Civil society. --- Building peace --- Peacebuilding --- Conflict management --- Peace --- Peacekeeping forces --- Historical and contemporary perspectives