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In this book, Beatrice E. Kitzinger explores the power of representation in the Carolingian period, demonstrating how images were used to assert the value and efficacy of art works. She focuses on the cross, Christianity's central sign, which simultaneously commemorates sacred history, functions in the present, and prepares for the end of time. It is well recognized that the visual attributes of the cross were designed to communicate its theology relative to history and eschatology; Kitzinger argues that early medieval artists also developed a formal language to articulate its efficacious powers in the present day. Defined through form and text as the sign of the present, the image of the cross articulated the instrumentality of religious objects and built spaces. Whereas medieval and modern scholars have pondered the theological problems posed by representation, Kitzinger here proposes a visual argument that affirms the self-reflexive value of art works in the early medieval West. Introducing little-known sources, she re-evaluates both the image of the cross and the project of book-making in an expanded field of Carolingian painting.

Crosses. --- Holy Cross in art. --- Christian art and symbolism --- Art, Carolingian --- Themes, motives. --- Crosses --- Holy Cross in art --- Christian art and symbolism - Medieval, 500-1500 --- Art, Carolingian - Themes, motives

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A volume that introduces new sources and offers fresh perspectives on a key era of transition, this book is of value to art historians and historians alike. From the dissolution of the Carolingian empire to the onset of the so-called 12th-century Renaissance, the transformative 10th–11th centuries witnessed the production of a significant number of illuminated manuscripts from present-day France, Belgium, Spain, and Italy, alongside the better-known works from Anglo-Saxon England and the Holy Roman Empire. While the hybrid styles evident in book painting reflect the movement and re-organization of people and codices, many of the manuscripts also display a highly creative engagement with the art of the past. Likewise, their handling of subject matter—whether common or new for book illumination—attests to vibrant artistic energy and innovation. On the basis of rarely studied scientific, religious, and literary manuscripts, the contributions in this volume address a range of issues, including the engagement of 10th–11th century bookmakers with their Carolingian and Antique legacies, the interwoven geographies of book production, and matters of modern politics and historiography that have shaped the study of this complex period.

091.31 --- 091 "04/09" --- 091 "10/1249" --- 091 "10/1249" Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--11e-13e eeuw. Periode 1000-1249 ('hoge middeleeuwen') --- Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--11e-13e eeuw. Periode 1000-1249 ('hoge middeleeuwen') --- 091 "04/09" Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--5e/10e eeuw. Periode 0400-0999 ('vroege middeleeuwen') --- Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi--5e/10e eeuw. Periode 0400-0999 ('vroege middeleeuwen') --- 091.31 Verluchte handschriften --- Verluchte handschriften --- E-books --- Illumination of books and manuscripts, Medieval --- Illumination of books and manuscripts, European. --- Christian art and symbolism --- 10–11th centuries. --- Carolingian reception. --- manuscript historiography. --- scientific illumination. --- Art, Christian --- Art, Ecclesiastical --- Arts in the church --- Christian symbolism --- Ecclesiastical art --- Symbolism and Christian art --- Religious art --- Symbolism --- Symbolism in art --- Church decoration and ornament --- European illumination of books and manuscripts --- Illumination of books and manuscripts, Medieval - Europe