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In the early 1990s, a wave of democratization swept through many African countries, but its prevailing election-centred liberal approach failed to result in sustainable democracies. Why should this be and what can be done about it? This multi-disciplinary work on the Greater Horn investigates the impact on the efforts to bring greater democratization of the characteristically complex socio-economic state structures of the countries of the Greater Horn of Africa and, importantly, suggests an alternative, more effective, approach. Detailed studies of Ethiopia, Somaliland, Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda reveal the difficulties posed by institutional structures that are often weak and lack accountability; fragmented economies - which range from modern capitalist to subsistence farming and pastoral systems; and governance marked by differing conceptions of property rights and conflict adjudication practices and varied resource allocation systems. Chronic violent ethnic-based civil wars and social conflicts and deep-rooted ethnic divisions only exacerbate the states' ability to foster democratic governance, or even to manage diversity properly. The contributors examine why the countries of the Horn have been unable to overcome these obstacles to democratization and explore how and why an alternative approach is more likely to be compatible with the socioeconomic realities and cultural values in transitional societies.

Democratization --- Horn of Africa --- Politics and government. --- Democratic consolidation --- Democratic transition --- Political science --- New democracies --- Africa, Horn of --- Somaliland --- Somaliland (Region) --- African Studies. --- African countries. --- African development. --- Conflict Adjudication Practices. --- Cultural Values. --- Democratization. --- Ethnic-based Civil Wars. --- Fractured Societies. --- Fragmented Economies. --- Governance. --- Greater Horn of Africa. --- Institutional Order. --- Kidane Mengisteab. --- Multi-disciplinary Work. --- Political Science. --- Resource Allocation Systems. --- Socio-economic State Structures. --- Structural Obstacles. --- Sustainable Democracies. --- The Crisis of Democratization in the Greater Horn of Africa: An Alternative Approach to Institutional Order in Transitional Societies. --- Transitional Societies. --- Weak State Structures. --- democratization challenges. --- development agendas. --- governance issues. --- institutional obstacles. --- political structures. --- poverty reduction. --- socio-economic realities. --- transitional societies.

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The Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) is engulfed by three interrelated crises: various inter-state wars, civil wars, and inter-communal conflicts; an economic crisis manifested in widespread debilitating poverty, chronic food insecurity and famines; and environmental degradation that is ravaging the region. While it is apparent that the countries of the region are unlikely to be able to deal with the crises individually, there is consensus that their chances of doing so improve markedly with collective regional action. The contributors to this volume address the need for regional integration in the GHA. They identify those factors that can foster integration, such as the proper management of equitable citizenship rights, as well as examining those that impede it, including the region's largely ineffective integration scheme, IGAD, and explore how the former can be strengthened and the latter transformed; explain how regional integration can mitigate the conflicts; and examine how integration can help to energise the region's economy. Kidane Mengisteab is Professor of African Studies and Political Science at Penn State University; Redie Bereketeab is a researcher at the Nordic Africa Institute, Sweden.

Regionalism --- African cooperation. --- International cooperation --- Pan-Africanism --- Human geography --- Nationalism --- Interregionalism --- Horn of Africa --- Africa, Horn of --- Somaliland --- Somaliland (Region) --- Economic conditions --- Politics and government. --- Greater Horn of Africa. --- Kidane Mengisteab. --- Redie Bereketeab. --- civil wars. --- conflict resolution. --- economic crisis. --- environmental degradation. --- inter-communal conflicts. --- inter-state wars. --- regional integration.