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Total factor productivity (TFP) of 14 manufacturing sectors in France has kept up with that of the United States during 1980-2002 and remained well above that of the United Kingdom. Estimates using a dynamic panel equilibrium correction model indicate that sectors further behind the technological frontier experience faster productivity growth and that spending on research and development and trade with technologically advanced economies positively influences TFP growth, but not the speed of convergence. Conversely, TFP growth is negatively related to some key labor market variables, namely the replacement ratio and the ratio of the minimum wage to the median wage.

Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Labor --- Information Management --- Production and Operations Management --- Innovation --- Research and Development --- Technological Change --- Intellectual Property Rights: General --- Measurement of Economic Growth --- Aggregate Productivity --- Cross-Country Output Convergence --- Comparative Studies of Countries --- Production --- Cost --- Capital and Total Factor Productivity --- Capacity --- Macroeconomics: Production --- Demand and Supply of Labor: General --- Technological Change: Choices and Consequences --- Diffusion Processes --- Macroeconomics --- Labour --- income economics --- Knowledge management --- Total factor productivity --- Productivity --- Labor markets --- Technology transfer --- Capacity utilization --- Technology --- Industrial productivity --- Labor market --- Industrial capacity --- United States

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This paper provides an overview of the key economic factors that shape tax policy reform in many high-income countries, developing countries, and/or transition economies. The paper describes and evaluates global and regional developments with respect to tax rates and revenue ratios over the last some 20 years, and discusses selected structural reform initiatives that have been high on the policy agenda over this period. In particular, it focuses on developments relating to experiments with the restructuring of corporate tax, the impact of corporate taxes on FDI, key reform initiatives including dual income taxes and flat taxes, as well as the worldwide spread of the VAT and policy developments associated with climate change and natural resource taxation.

Personal Finance -Taxation --- Public Finance --- Taxation --- Corporate Taxation --- Business Taxes and Subsidies --- Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Public finance & taxation --- Corporate & business tax --- Corporate income tax --- Personal income tax --- Income and capital gains taxes --- Revenue administration --- Corporate taxes --- Corporations --- Income tax --- Revenue --- United States --- Taxation. --- Fiscal policy.