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This monograph contains two detailed case studies dealing with the phonetics and phonology of affricates and laryngeals. Based on a survey of 281 languages it states a number of universal generalizations which go counter to common assumptions in the phonological and phonetic literature. Most importantly, (1) a phonological concept ›affricate‹ does not exist at all. Affricates are exclusively stops for matters of phonological contrasts and natural classes, but they are no contour segments composed of [stop] and [continuant]. (2) Laryngeal features are properties of the prosodic level of onset, nucleus, and coda, but not of individual segments. Again, this is shown to hold for contrasts and phonology proper (assimilation, neutralization, 'metathesis' etc.). Based on the empirical findings the book addresses a number of theoretical issues as, e.g., the interaction of phonetics and phonology, or questions of phonological representation. It is claimed that phonetics fulfills important functions with regard to phonology: 'affrication' and laryngeal phasings (e.g. pre- vs. postaspiration) are presented as purely phonetic strategies which serve to make phonological specifications acoustically more salient. Finally, two revisions to current models of feature theory are proposed, both of which lead to a leaner structure of phonological segments: first, stricture contours are eliminated from phonological representation; second, the 'Laryngeal Node' is attached directly to onsets, nuclei, and codas. Die Monographie enthält zwei Einzelstudien zur Phonologie und Phonetik von Affrikaten und Laryngalen aus insgesamt 281 Sprachen. Die empirischen Ergebnisse widerlegen eine Reihe gängiger Lehrmeinungen, z.B.: (1) Affrikaten sind phonologisch ausschließlich Plosive, (2) Laryngale sind Eigenschaften prosodischer Domänen (Anlaut, Nukleus, Koda), (3) Phonetische Strategien (Affrikatisierung, laryngale Phasierung) dienen der akustischen Verstärkung phonologischer Kontraste. Auf theoretischer Ebene werden Fragen der phonologischen Repräsentation (Merkmalskonturen, prososodische Lizensierung etc.) sowie der Schnittstelle von Phonologie und Phonetik diskutiert.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Laryngeals (Phonetics) --- Phonology. --- Glottalisatie (Fonetiek) --- Glottalisation (Phonétique) --- Glottalization (Phonetics) --- Laryngalen (Fonetiek) --- Laryngales (Phonétique) --- Phonology --- Phonetics --- Grammar [Comparative and general ] --- Phonology [Comparative ] --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general Phonology

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The papers collected in this volume apply principles of phonology and morphology to the Germanic languages. Phonological phenomena range from subsegmental over phonemic to prosodic units (as syllables, pitch accent, stress). Morphology includes properties of roots, derivation, inflection, and words. The analyses deal with language-internal and comparative aspects, covering the whole (European) range of Germanic languages. From a theoretical perspective, most papers concentrate on constraint-based approaches. Crucial to those theories are principles of the phonology-morphology interaction, both within and between languages. The well documented Germanic languages provide an excellent field for research and almost all papers deal with aspects of the interface.

Germanic languages --- Phonology. --- Morphology. --- 803 --- Germaanse taalkunde --- 803 Germaanse taalkunde --- Verner's law --- Teutonic languages --- Indo-European languages --- Morphology --- Phonology --- Morphology (Linguistics)

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This volume seeks to reevaluate the nature of tone-segment interactions in phonology. The contributions address, among other things, the following basic questions: what tone-segment interactions exist, and how can the facts be incorporated into phonological theory? Are interactions between tones and vowel quality really universally absent? What types of tone-consonant interactions do we find across languages? What is the relation between diachrony and synchrony in relevant processes?The contributions discuss data from various types of languages where tonal information plays a lexically distinctive role, from 'pure' tone languages to so-called tone accent systems, where the occurrence of contrastive tonal melodies is restricted to stressed syllables. The volume has an empirical emphasis on Franconian dialects in the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, but also discusses languages as diverse as Slovenian, Livonian, Fuzhou Chinese, and Xhosa.

Tone (Phonetics) --- Intonation (Phonetics) --- Vowels --- Consonants --- Sonorants (Phonetics) --- Prosodic analysis (Linguistics) --- Phonetics --- Articulatory phonetics --- Orthoepy --- Phonology --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Language and languages --- Linguistics --- Pitch (Phonetics) --- Lexical tone (Phonetics) --- Tone languages --- Tonology (Phonetics) --- Multidimensional phonology --- Polysystemic phonology --- Prosodic phonology --- Speaking styles --- Research --- Intonation --- Tone --- E-books --- Sound --- Speech --- Voice --- Oral interpretation --- Phonemics --- Vowels. --- Consonants. --- Research. --- Phonology. --- Prosody. --- Tone.

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