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Optical Networking Standards: A Comprehensive Guide for Professionals provides a single source reference of over a hundred standards and industry technical specifications for optical networks at all levels: from components to networking systems through global networks, as well as coverage of networks management and services. This book focuses on the recently approved, adopted and implemented standards that have fueled the development of versatile switches, routers and multi-service provisioning platforms. These networking elements have enabled the service-providers world-wide to offer flexible yet customized bundled-services based on IP, MPLS and Carrier-Grade Ethernet. Highlights include recent advancements involving: - Critical technical standards and implementation from ITU-T, IETF, MEF, and OIF - Optimization of SONET/SDH and OTN infrastructure for data delivery, GFP, VCAT and LCAS - IP, MPLS, Ethernet and Fibre Channel services over public networks - Optical control plane for dynamically switched optical networks, ASON - Network survivability and recovery - Timing in global optical networks - Architecture of optical transport networks - Network element design using standardized components and inter-components communication - Numerous illustrative examples showing actual situations or cases implemented Lead implementers, contributors and editors of the new standards from networking equipment and VLSI manufacturers and service providers such as AMCC, Agere Systems, British Telecom, Ciena Corporation, Cisco Systems, Lucent Technologies, Marconi, Nortel, Tellabs, PMC-Sierra, Strix Systems and other independent consultants have come together to produce this uniform and complete reference. The volume has been edited by Dr. Khurram Kazi, a networking veteran with over 19 years of real-world expertise in architecting and designing ASICs and systems for SONET, IP, ATM, PDH and Ethernet networks. Dr. Kazi has published refereed articles and conference tutorials on topics ranging from optical components to ASICs and Optical Networks.

Optical communications --- Computer networks --- Standards. --- Communications, Optical --- Light communications --- Photonics --- Telecommunication --- Telecommunication. --- Computer Communication Networks. --- Microwaves. --- Computer engineering. --- Communications Engineering, Networks. --- Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Computers --- Hertzian waves --- Electric waves --- Electromagnetic waves --- Geomagnetic micropulsations --- Radio waves --- Shortwave radio --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Telecommunications --- Communication --- Information theory --- Telecommuting --- Design and construction --- Electrical engineering. --- Computer communication systems. --- Optical engineering. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Mechanical engineering --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Electronic data processing --- Network computers --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- New optics --- Optics --- Distributed processing

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As the World Bank and government of Bangladesh celebrate 50 years of development cooperation this year, a key highlight is the journey towards addressing climate change and improving the resilience of the coastal zone. From the outset, the World Bank has been a long-standing partner in the government's efforts to reduce the risks from disasters and enhance coastal resilience, resulting in a number of noteworthy achievements. Bangladesh demonstrated how investments in the entire chain of disaster risk reduction saves lives, reduces economic losses, and protects development gains. Proactive policies and sound investments in strengthening resilience across multiple fronts over the last five decades have resulted in a drastic decline in the number of casualties from cyclones.

Flood control.

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In the wake of energy crisis due to rapid growth of industries, the efficient heat transfer could play a vital role in energy saving. Industries, household equipment, transportation, offices, etc., all are dependent on heat exchanging equipment. Considering this, the book has incorporated different chapters on heat transfer phenomena, analytical and experimental heat transfer investigations, heat transfer enhancement and applications.

Heat --- Transmission. --- Heat transfer --- Thermal transfer --- Transmission of heat --- Energy transfer --- Engineering thermodynamics