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This book analyzes the reasons for organ shortage and ventures innovative ideas for approaching this problem. It presents 29 contributions from a highly interdisciplinary group of world experts and upcoming professionals in the field. Every year thousands of patients die while waiting for organ transplantation. Health authorities, medical professionals and bioethicists worldwide point to the urgent and yet unsolved problem of organ shortage, which will be even intensified due to the increasing life expectancy. Even though the practical problem seems to be well known, the search for suitable solutions continues and often restricts itself by being limited through disciplinary and national borders. Combining philosophical reflection with empirical results, this volume enables a unique insight in the ethics of organ transplantation and offers fresh ideas for policymakers, health care professionals, academics, and the general public.

Ethics --- Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Social aspects. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Society and transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Moral and religious aspects --- Ethics. --- Transplantation of organs, tissu. --- Transplant Surgery. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Values --- Surgical transplantation. --- Medical transplantation --- Organ transplantation --- Organ transplants --- Organs (Anatomy) --- Surgical transplantation --- Tissue transplantation --- Tissues --- Transplant surgery --- Transplantation surgery --- Transplants, Organ --- Surgery --- Preservation of organs, tissues, etc. --- Procurement of organs, tissues, etc. --- Transplantation

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Die moderne Biomedizin birgt zahlreiche moralische Herausforderungen und Dilemmata, die in pluralen Gesellschaften nicht immer einvernehmlich gelöst werden können. Dennoch müssen auf individueller, institutioneller und gesellschaftlicher Ebene Entscheidungen getroffen und Regelungen gefunden werden. Hierbei sind verschiedene, häufig miteinander in Konflikt stehende ethische Normen, Werte, Ideale und Interessen zu berücksichtigen. Wie in solchen Spannungsfeldern angemessene Entscheidungen gefunden werden können, ist bisher weder in der Praxis noch in der Theorie ausreichend geklärt. Dieser Band versammelt Beiträge verschiedener Disziplinen zu der Frage, wie ethische Entscheidungen in der Medizin und im Gesundheitswesen in einer gut begründeten Art und Weise getroffen werden können. Sie schlagen eine Brücke zwischen ethischer Theoriebildung und konkreter Entscheidungsfindung in der Praxis. Neben Beiträgen zu philosophischen Grundlagen ethischer Entscheidungen und zur Anwendung verschiedener Ethiktheorien auf einen klinischen Einzelfall werden Beiträge zu relevanten Entscheidungskontexten und -instrumenten der klinischen Praxis sowie der biomedizinischen Forschung und Politik geleistet

Medical ethics --- Medicine --- Philosophy

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Neurotechnologies such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which allow technical devices to be used with the power of thought or concentration alone, are no longer a futuristic dream or, depending on the viewpoint, a nightmare. Moreover, the combination of neurotechnologies and AI raises a host of pressing problems. Now that these technologies are about to leave the laboratory and enter the real world, these problems and implications can and should be scrutinized. This volume brings together scholars from a wide range of academic disciplines such as philosophy, law, the social sciences and neurosciences, and is unique in terms of both its focus and its methods. The latter vary considerably, and range from philosophical analysis and phenomenologically inspired descriptions to legal analysis and socio-empirical research. This diversified approach allows the book to explore the entire spectrum of philosophical, normative, legal and empirical dimensions of intelligent neurotechnologies. Philosophical and legal analyses of normative problems are complemented by a thorough empirical assessment of how BCIs and other forms of neurotechnology are being implemented, and what their measurable implications are. To take a closer look at specific neurotechnologies, a number of applications are addressed. Case studies, previously unidentified issues, and normative insights on these cases complement the rich portrait this volume provides. Clinicians, philosophers, lawyers, social scientists and engineers will greatly benefit from the collection of articles compiled in this book, which will likely become a standard reference work on the philosophy of intelligent neurotechnologies. .

General ethics --- Neuropathology --- neurologie --- ethiek --- hersenen