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Today, international economic sanctions are imposed in response to virtually every serious international crisis, whether to promote regime change and democratisation, punish armed aggression, or check nuclear proliferation. But how exactly is the economic pain inflicted by sanctions supposed to translate into political gain? What are the mechanisms by which sanctions operate - or fail to operate? This is the first comparative study of this vital question. Drawing on Gramscian state theory, 'Societies under siege' provides a novel analytical framework to study how sanctions are mediated through the domestic political economy and state-society relations of target states and filter through into political outcomes - whether those sought by the states imposing sanctions or, as frequently occurs, unintended and even highly perverse consequences. Detailed case studies of sanctions aimed at regime change in three pivotal cases - South Africa, Iraq and Myanmar - are used to explore how different types of sanctions function across time and space.

International relations. Foreign policy --- International economic relations --- Economic sanctions. --- International economic relations. --- Economic policy, Foreign --- Economic relations, Foreign --- Economics, International --- Foreign economic policy --- Foreign economic relations --- Interdependence of nations --- International economic policy --- International economics --- New international economic order --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Economic sanctions --- Sanctions, Economic --- Sanctions (International law) --- Law and legislation --- #SBIB:327.7H125 --- #SBIB:327.5H21 --- #SBIB:33H071 --- Verenigde Naties: bijzondere vraagstukken --- Vrede – oorlog, oorlogssituaties --- Economische internationale betrekkingen

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Education --- Social Sciences --- Education, Special Topics --- African American college students. --- College attendance --- College dropouts --- College student attrition --- University dropouts --- College students --- Dropouts --- Afro-American college students --- College students, African American --- College students, Negro --- Prevention.

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Life expectancy --- Safety regulations --- Insurance, life --- Uncertainty --- cost effectiveness --- Life insurance --- Cost effectiveness --- Uncertainty. --- Cost effectiveness. --- Life expectancy - Cost effectiveness --- Safety regulations - cost effectiveness --- Insurance, life - Cost effectiveness --- Life insurance - Cost effectiveness

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Education --- Social Sciences --- Education, Special Topics --- Educational equalization --- Education, Higher. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Ethnic Studies / Hispanic American Studies. --- College students --- Higher education --- Postsecondary education --- Universities and colleges

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'Non-traditional' security problems like pandemic diseases, climate change and terrorism now pervade the global agenda. Many argue that sovereign state-based governance is no longer adequate, demanding and constructing new approaches to manage border-spanning threats. Drawing on critical literature in political science, political geography and political economy, this is the first book that systematically explains the outcomes of these efforts. It shows that transboundary security challenges are primarily governed not through supranational organisations, but by transforming state apparatuses and integrating them into multilevel, regional or global regulatory governance networks. The socio-political contestation shaping this process determines the form, content and operation of transnational security governance regimes. Using three in-depth case studies - environmental degradation, pandemic disease, and transnational crime - this innovative book integrates global governance and international security studies and identifies the political and normative implications of non-traditional security governance, providing insights for scholars and policymakers alike.

Security, International --- Borderlands --- International cooperation. --- Globalization. --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Cooperation, International --- Global governance --- Institutions, International --- Interdependence of nations --- International institutions --- World order --- Cooperation --- International organization --- Border-lands --- Border regions --- Frontiers --- Boundaries --- Collective security --- International security --- Disarmament --- Peace --- Social aspects. --- International relations. Foreign policy --- Public administration