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Is there a chance that public or private research and development institutions can improve the efficiency of the R&D process? This book gives a positive answer by designing an integrated concept of the science technology cycle and the innovation system of each technology. The position of a new technology in the sciencetechnology cycle is identified by several indicators from patent analysis, citations and market information data. The innovation system supports the search for a comprehensive understanding of all important stakeholders of an innovation, possible obstacles and related policies. The application of the methodology leads to convincing results: the hype of the PEM fuel cell activities could have been identified at the end of the 1990s as the phase of euphoria, but not as a situation close to market entry in the car or boiler markets.
Energy industries --Technological innovations. --- Research, Industrial. --- Research. --- Technological innovations. --- Research --- Research, Industrial --- Technological innovations --- Energy industries --- Technology - General --- Industries --- Mechanical Engineering - General --- Mechanical Engineering --- Business & Economics --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Breakthroughs, Technological --- Innovations, Industrial --- Innovations, Technological --- Technical innovations --- Technological breakthroughs --- Technological change --- Science --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Contract research --- Industrial research --- Energy. --- Energy policy. --- Energy and state. --- Energy industries. --- Economic policy. --- Energy Policy, Economics and Management. --- R & D/Technology Policy. --- Energy Economics. --- Creative ability in technology --- Inventions --- Domestication of technology --- Innovation relay centers --- Technology transfer --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Methodology --- Research teams --- Engineering experiment stations --- Power resources --- Economic nationalism --- Economic planning --- National planning --- State planning --- Economics --- Planning --- National security --- Social policy --- Energy and state --- State and energy --- Industrial policy --- Energy conservation --- Government policy
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Is there a chance that public or private research and development institutions can improve the efficiency of the R&D process? This book gives a positive answer by designing an integrated concept of the science technology cycle and the innovation system of each technology. The position of a new technology in the sciencetechnology cycle is identified by several indicators from patent analysis, citations and market information data. The innovation system supports the search for a comprehensive understanding of all important stakeholders of an innovation, possible obstacles and related policies. The application of the methodology leads to convincing results: the hype of the PEM fuel cell activities could have been identified at the end of the 1990s as the phase of euphoria, but not as a situation close to market entry in the car or boiler markets.
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The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change (IPCC) was jointly established by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Envir- ment Programme (UNEP) to assess the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant for the understanding of the risk of human-induced climate change. Since its inception the IPCC has produced a series of comprehensive - sessment Reports, Special Reports and Technical Papers on the state of the und- standing of causes of climate change, its potential impacts, and options for response strategies. In 1998, Working Group III (WG III) of the ongoing Third Assessment was charged by the IPCC Plenary to assess the scientific, technical, environmental, economic and social aspects of the mitigation of climate change and a series of cross-cutting issues such as equity, development and sustainability. Its mandate was changed from a predominantly disciplinary assessment of the economic and social dimensions of climate change in the Second Assessment Report to an interdisciplinary assessment of the options to control the emissions of greenhouse gases and/or enhance their sinks. One key issue of the IPCC Third Assessment Report (TAR) on mitigation of climate change, which has undergone an extensive review by scientists and governments, is the role of present and future behaviour of individuals, households, private and p- lic companies, public authorities and other stakeholders.
Climatic changes --- Human ecology. --- Nature --- Social aspects. --- Effect of human beings on. --- Environmental economics. --- Medicine. --- Pollution. --- Climatic changes. --- Management. --- Environmental Economics. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Pollution, general. --- Atmospheric Sciences. --- Climate Change. --- Atmospheric sciences. --- Climate change. --- Administration --- Industrial relations --- Organization --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Atmospheric sciences --- Earth sciences --- Atmosphere --- Chemical pollution --- Chemicals --- Contamination of environment --- Environmental pollution --- Pollution --- Contamination (Technology) --- Asbestos abatement --- Bioremediation --- Environmental engineering --- Environmental quality --- Factory and trade waste --- Hazardous waste site remediation --- Hazardous wastes --- In situ remediation --- Lead abatement --- Pollutants --- Refuse and refuse disposal --- Health Workforce --- Economics --- Environmental aspects --- Economic aspects
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