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Rugged free energy landscapes : common computational approaches in spin glasses, structural glasses, and biological macromolecules
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ISBN: 3540740252 3540740295 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Germany ; New York, New York : Springer,

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Abstract

This collection of lectures and tutorial reviews by renowned experts focusses on the common computational approaches in use to unravel the static and dynamical behaviour of complex physical systems at the interface of physics, chemistry and biology. Paradigmatic examples of condensed matter physics are spin and structural glasses and protein folding, as well as their aggregation and adsorption to hard and soft surfaces, in physico-chemical biology. Among the most prominent joint key features of the systems considered in this volume are rugged free-energy landscapes. These generate metastability and are often responsible for very slow dynamics allowing for the system to be trapped in one of the many available local minima. The challenge set forth by the authors of this volume is to provide a common basis and technical language for the (computational) technology transfer between the fields and systems considered.

Keywords

Condensed matter --- Spin glasses --- Protein folding --- Atomic Physics --- Physics --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Mathematical models --- Mathematical models. --- Folding of proteins --- Proteins --- Glasses, Magnetic --- Glasses, Spin --- Magnetic glasses --- Condensed materials --- Condensed media --- Condensed phase --- Materials, Condensed --- Media, Condensed --- Phase, Condensed --- Folding --- Physics. --- Condensed matter. --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics). --- Biophysics. --- Biological physics. --- Statistical physics. --- Dynamical systems. --- Condensed Matter Physics. --- Phase Transitions and Multiphase Systems. --- Statistical Physics, Dynamical Systems and Complexity. --- Numerical and Computational Physics. --- Biophysics and Biological Physics. --- Magnetic alloys --- Nuclear spin --- Solid state physics --- Liquids --- Matter --- Solids --- Conformation --- Complex Systems. --- Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation. --- Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics. --- Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems. --- Mathematical statistics --- Statistical methods --- Biological physics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Dynamical systems --- Kinetics --- Mathematics --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Force and energy --- Mechanics --- Statics --- Phase changes (Statistical physics) --- Phase transitions (Statistical physics) --- Phase rule and equilibrium --- Statistical physics


Book
Fluctuating paths and fields
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1281956708 9786611956707 9812811249 9789812811240 9781281956705 Year: 2001 Publisher: River Edge, NJ World Scientific

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This volume covers the following fields: path integrals, quantum field theory, variational perturbation theory, phase transitions and critical phenomena, topological defects, strings and membranes, gravitation and cosmology.
Contents:

  • Path Integrals and Quantum Mechanics:
    • Semiclassical Quantum Mechanics: A Path-Integral Approach (B R Holstein)
    • Conjecture on the Reality of Spectra of Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians (C M Bender et al.)
    • Time-Transformation Approach to q-Deformed Objects (A Inomata)
    • Characterizi

Book
Path integrals
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1282442309 9786612442308 9812837272 9789812837271 9812837264 9789812837264 Year: 2008 Publisher: Singapore Hackensack, NJ World Scientific

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This proceedings volume contains selected talks and poster presentations from the 9th International Conference on Path Integrals - New Trends and Perspectives, which took place at the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems in Dresden, Germany, during the period September 23-28, 2007. Continuing the well-developed tradition of the conference series, the present status of both the different techniques of path integral calculations and their diverse applications to many fields of physics and chemistry is reviewed. This is reflected in the main topics in this volume, which range f


Book
Die Ostseeküste zwischen Boltenhagen une Ahlbeck.
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 3730106333 Year: 1987 Publisher: Gotha VEB Hermann Haack

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Die deutsche Ostseeküste. 2 : völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage.
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ISBN: 9783443150914 Year: 2011 Publisher: Stuttgart Gebr. borntraeger

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Book
A Mathematical Introduction to Conformal Field Theory
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9783540686286 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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The first part of this book gives a detailed, self-contained and mathematically rigorous exposition of classical conformal symmetry in n dimensions and its quantization in two dimensions. In particular, the conformal groups are determined and the appearance of the Virasoro algebra in the context of the quantization of two-dimensional conformal symmetry is explained via the classification of central extensions of Lie algebras and groups. The second part surveys some more advanced topics of conformal field theory, such as the representation theory of the Virasoro algebra, conformal symmetry within string theory, an axiomatic approach to Euclidean conformally covariant quantum field theory and a mathematical interpretation of the Verlinde formula in the context of moduli spaces of holomorphic vector bundles on a Riemann surface. The substantially revised and enlarged second edition makes in particular the second part of the book more self-contained and tutorial, with many more examples given. Furthermore, two new chapters on Wightman's axioms for quantum field theory and vertex algebras broaden the survey of advanced topics. An outlook making the connection with most recent developments has also been added.


Book
Aspects of Physical Biology
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9783540787655 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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The application to Biology of the methodologies developed in Physics is attracting an increasing interest from the scientific community. It has led to the emergence of a new interdisciplinary field, called Physical Biology, with the aim of reaching a better understanding of the biological mechanisms at molecular and cellular levels. Statistical Mechanics in particular plays an important role in the development of this new field. For this reason, the XXth session of the famous Sitges Conference on Statistical Physics was dedicated to "Physical Biology: from Molecular Interactions to Cellular Behavior". As is by now tradition, a number of lectures were subsequently selected, expanded and updated for publication as lecture notes, so as to provide both a state-of-the-art introduction and overview to a number of subjects of broader interest and to favor the interchange and cross-fertilization of ideas between biologists and physicists. The present volume focuses on three main subtopics (biological water, protein solutions as well as transport and replication), presenting for each of the them the on-going debates on recent results. The role of water in biological processes, the mechanisms of protein folding, the phases and cooperative effects in biological solutions, the thermodynamic description of replication, transport and neural activity, all are subjects that are revised in this volume, based on new experiments and new theoretical interpretations.


Book
Theory and Simulation of Hard-Sphere Fluids and Related Systems
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9783540787679 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Hard spheres and related objects (hard disks and mixtures of hard systems) are paradigmatic systems: indeed, they have served as a basis for the theoretical and numerical development of a number of fields, such as general liquids and fluids, amorphous solids, liquid crystals, colloids and granular matter, to name but a few. The present volume introduces and reviews some important basics and progress in the study of such systems. Their structure, thermodynamic properties, equations of state, as well as kinetic and transport properties are considered from different and complementary points of view. This book addresses graduate students, lecturers as well as researchers in statistical mechanics, physics of liquids, physical chemistry and chemical engineering.


Book
The Cambridge N-Body Lectures
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9781402084317 Year: 2008 Publisher: Dordrecht Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Published under the auspices of the Royal Astronomical Society, this volume contains a set of extensive school tested lectures, with the aim to give a coherent and thorough background knowledge of the subject and to introduce the latest developments in N-body computational astrophysics. The topics cover a wide range from the classical few-body problem with discussions of resonance, chaos and stability to realistic modelling of star clusters as well as descriptions of codes, algorithms and special hardware for N-body simulations. This collection of topics, related to the gravitational N-body problem, will prove useful to both students and researchers in years to come.


Book
Jets From Young Stars III
Authors: --- --- --- --- --- et al.
ISBN: 9783540769675 Year: 2008 Publisher: Berlin, Heidelberg Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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This volume contains the lecture notes of the Third JETSET School on Jets from Young Stars focussing on Numerical MHD and Instabilities. The introductory lectures presented here cover the basic concepts of the numerical methods for the integration of hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic equations and of the applications of these methods to the treatment of the instabilities relevant for the physics of stellar jets. The first part of the book contains an introduction to the finite difference and finite volume methods for computing the solutions of hyperbolic partial differential equations and a discussion of approximate Riemann solvers for both hydrodynamic and magnetohydrodynamic problems. The second part is devoted to the discussion of some of the main instability processes that may take place in stellar jets, namely: the Kelvin-Helmholtz, the radiative shock, the pressure driven and the thermal instabilities. Graduate students and young scientists will benefit from this book by learning how to use the fundamental tools used in computational astrophysical jet research.

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