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The impingement of monastery on marketplace provides the unifying theme for this collection of nine research papers. Separation from the world, for most members of religious orders in the Middle Ages, did not imply isolation from the rest of society but, rather, a new spirituality orientated relationship which took different forms in different times and circumstances. Three of the contributors are concerned with particular aspects of the intellectual activities of the religious orders in both university and cloister. Two others examine the traumatic effects of the enforced return to secular life of thousands of men and women religious in England when monastic life was brought to an abrupt end in 1540. An individual monk's pastoral role among the laity is explored and evaluated in one paper, while another reveals the extent to which a rural English nunnery was both rooted in the local community and dependent on foreign supervision. Problems encountered by the friars are discussed by two other contributors who, on the basis of their recent research, conclude that the hostility between Franciscans and Benedictines has been overstated and that some German Dominicans risked their reputations in their involvement with contemporary heterodox movements among the laity.
Christian religious orders --- anno 500-1499 --- Vocation (in religious orders, congregations, etc.) --- Religious communities --- Monastic and religious life --- Vocation religieuse --- Communautés (Religion) --- Vie religieuse et monastique --- History of doctrines --- Congresses --- History --- Histoire des doctrines --- Congrès --- Histoire --- Monasticism and religious orders --- Europe --- Church history --- 271 "04/14" --- 940.1 --- -Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme--Middeleeuwen --- Geschiedenis van Europa: Middeleeuwen:--(ca.375-1492) --- Historiography --- -History --- -Europe --- -Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- -Monasticism and religious orders --- 940.1 Geschiedenis van Europa: Middeleeuwen:--(ca.375-1492) --- -271 "04/14" --- -Vocation (in religious orders, congregations, etc.) --- Communautés (Religion) --- Congrès --- Monachism --- Orders, Religious --- Council of Europe countries --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 - Congresses. --- Europe - Church history - 600-1500 - Congresses.
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The figure of the monster in medieval culture functions as a vehicle for a range of intellectual and spiritual enquiries, from questions of language and representation to issues of moral, theological and cultural value. Monsters embody cultural tensions that go far beyond the idea of the monster as simply an unintelligible and abject other. The Monstrous Middle Ages looks at both the representation of literal monsters and the consumption and exploitation of monstrous metaphors in a wide variety of high- and late-medieval cultural productions, from travel writings and mystical texts to sermons, manuscript illuminations and maps. Individual essays explore the ways in which monstrosity shaped the construction of gendered and racial identities, religious symbolism and social prejudice in the Middle Ages. Reading the Middle Ages through its monsters provides an opportunity to view medieval culture from fresh perspectives. The Monstrous Middle Ages will be essential reading for anyone interested in the concept of monstrosity and its significance for medieval cultural production.
Thematology --- anno 500-1499 --- Monsters in art --- Monsters in de kunst --- Monsters in de literatuur --- Monsters in literature --- Monstres dans l'art --- Monstres dans la littérature --- Monsters --- Symbolic aspects --- History --- To 1500 --- Literature [Medieval ] --- History and criticism --- English literature --- Middle English, 1100-1500
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This collection of essays from both established and emerging scholars analyses the dynamic connections between conflict and violence in medieval Italy. Together, the contributors present a new critique of power that sustained both kingship and locally based elite networks throughout the Italian peninsula. A broad temporal range, covering the sixth to the twelfth century, allows this book to cross a number of 'traditional' fault-lines in Italian historiography - 774, 888, 962 and 1025. The essays provide a wide-ranging analysis of the role of conflict in the period, the operation of power and the development of communal consciousness and collective action by protagonists and groups. It is thus essential reading for scholars, students and general readers who wish to understand the situation on the ground in the medieval Italian environment.
Violence --- HISTORY / Europe / Italy. --- History. --- Medieval Italy, Early Middle Ages, Social History, Conflict, Power, Violence. --- Violent behavior --- Social psychology --- Italy --- History --- Violence.
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This collection of essays from both established and emerging scholars analyses the dynamic connections between conflict and violence in medieval Italy. Together, the contributors present a new critique of power that sustained both kingship and locally based elite networks throughout the Italian peninsula. A broad temporal range, covering the sixth to the twelfth century, allows this book to cross a number of 'traditional' fault-lines in Italian historiography - 774, 888, 962 and 1025. The essays provide a wide-ranging analysis of the role of conflict in the period, the operation of power and the development of communal consciousness and collective action by protagonists and groups. It is thus essential reading for scholars, students and general readers who wish to understand the situation on the ground in the medieval Italian environment.
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This book probes the nature of the clash of cultures as a process of identification and classification of the unknown. 'There is no world of thought that is not a world of language and one sees of the world only what is provided for by language' (Walter Benjamin, 1936). In the medieval Mediterranean, cultural groups were frequently labelled, fixed, and identified by language, and these linguistic groupings were consistently in states of conflict and/or exchange. This collection explores various expressions of cultural clash and exchange, and examines some of the ways in which language was used to express difference, to mark out cultural difference, and to further label those cultures--often as alien and inferior, but sometimes as different and worthy of respect. This theme unites scholars coming from a range of perspectives and engaging with a whole series of cultural interchanges and conflicts. It brings together work on a wide range of peoples--Latins, Byzantines, Muslims, and Jews--commenting on and writing about each other, as well as a wide variety of different genres, from theology to farce. This volume seeks to offer a broad and wide-ranging approach to understanding the world at the time of the crusades through the words of participants and observers.
Comparative literature --- Thematology --- anno 500-1499 --- Langage et culture --- Littérature médiévale --- Conflit culturel --- Congrès. --- Histoire et critique --- Intercultural communication --- Language and culture --- Culture conflict --- Literature, Medieval --- Culture conflict in literature --- Crusades in literature --- Christianity and other religions --- Islam --- Judaism --- History --- History and criticism --- Congresses --- Relations --- Christianity --- Byzantine Empire --- Foreign relations --- Beschavingsconflict in de literatuur --- Conflit de civilisations dans la littérature --- Croisades dans la littérature --- Cultuurconflict in de literatuur --- Kruistochten in de literatuur --- Culture conflict in literature. --- Crusades in literature. --- Communication interculturelle --- Littérature médiévale --- Conflit culturel dans la littérature --- Croisades dans la littérature --- Christianisme --- Judaïsme --- History and criticism. --- Christianity. --- Histoire --- histoire --- Méditerranée, Région de la --- Empire byzantin --- Relations extérieures --- Mediterranean region --- To 1500 --- Literature [Medieval ] --- 1081-1453 --- Congrès --- Intercultural communication - Mediterranean Region - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Language and culture - Mediterranean Region - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Culture conflict - Mediterranean Region - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Literature, Medieval - History and criticism - Congresses --- Culture conflict in literature - Congresses --- Crusades in literature - Congresses --- Christianity and other religions - Mediterranean Region - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Islam - Relations - Christianity - Congresses --- Judaism - Relations - Christianity - Congresses --- Byzantine Empire - Foreign relations - 1081-1453 - Congresses --- Cross-cultural communication --- Communication --- Culture --- Cross-cultural orientation --- Cultural competence --- Multilingual communication --- Technical assistance --- Anthropological aspects
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Using a range of methodological strategies and examining material from different media, ranging from illuminated manuscripts to wall painting, stained glass windows, and monumental sculpture, the articles in this volume show how different arboreal structures were conceived, employed, and appropriated by their specific contexts, how they functioned in their original framework, and how they were perceived by their audience.
Semiotics --- Iconography --- trees --- History of civilization --- anno 500-1499 --- Europe --- Art, Medieval --- Symbolism in art --- Trees in art --- Art médiéval --- Symbolisme dans l'art --- Arbres dans l'art --- Trees --- Christian art and symbolism --- Visual communication --- Symbolic aspects --- History --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- Themes, motives --- Art médiéval --- Trees - Symbolic aspects - Europe - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Trees in art - Congresses --- Trees - Religious aspects - Christianity - Congresses --- Christian art and symbolism - Medieval, 500-1500 - Congresses --- Symbolism in art - Europe - History - To 1500 - Congresses --- Art, Medieval - Themes, motives - Congresses --- Visual communication - Europe - History --- Trees - Religious aspects - Congresses --- trees [woody plants]
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Croisades --- Crusades --- Kruistochten --- Evangelistic work --- Evangélisation --- Congresses --- Congrès --- Baltic states --- Pays baltes --- History --- Church history --- Histoire --- Histoire religieuse --- Crusades. --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Baltic Sea Region --- To 1500 --- Geschichte --- 1150-1500 --- Evangélisation --- Congrès --- Europe [Eastern ] --- Baltic States --- Congresses.
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This volume explores the special connection that linked England and Rome between the seventh and the eleventh centuries, a topic which in spite of its relevance and attraction has never before been dealt with in a publication of this scale and depth. By bringing together scholars from different countries and disciplines and by relying on important recent archaeological findings that have led to a firmer knowledge of early medieval Rome, the volume provides a detailed and integrated investigation of the ways in which contacts between England and the Eternal City developed across the early Middle Ages. With special attention to major themes such as pilgrimage, artistic exchange, and ecclesiastical politics, the essays in this volume show the continuity of the Anglo-Saxons’ relations with Rome as well as the ways in which, over time, these adapted to different circumstances. They also show that Anglo-Saxon England should not be thought of as just a passive recipient of influential cultural trends, but rather as an important player in the multi-faceted world of early medieval Europe in which Rome, by now the city of the popes, kept its centrality as a source of spiritual and political power.
Pilgrims and pilgrimages --- English --- Pèlerins et pèlerinages --- Anglais --- History --- Histoire --- England --- Rome (Italy) --- Great Britain --- Angleterre --- Rome (Italie) --- Grande-Bretagne --- Relations --- Civilization --- Italian influences --- Church history --- Angleterre (GB) --- Pèlerins et pèlerinages --- Italy --- Rome --- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066 --- 476-1420 --- To 1500 --- To 1066 --- Pèlerinages --- English - Italy - Rome - History - To 1500 --- Pilgrims and pilgrimages - Italy - Rome - History - To 1500 --- Roma --- Moyen Age --- England - Civilization - Italian influences --- England - Civilization - To 1066 --- England - Relations - Italy - Rome --- Great Britain - Church history - 449-1066 --- Great Britain - History - Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066 --- Rome (Italy) - Civilization --- Rome (Italy) - History - 476-1420 --- Rome (Italy) - Relations - England
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This volume is composed of selected papers from the main strand ‘Time and Eternity’ at the seventh International Medieval Congress held in July 2000. It attests to the fact that the medieval experience of time and eternity was rich and complex, and that its investigation is open to various approaches and methods. Time and (the possibility or impossibility of) its beginning and its end were frontiers to be explored and to be understood.To make the reader more familiar with the field of study, the volume begins with Wesley Stevens’s plenary address ‘A Present Sense of Things Past: Quid est enim tempus?’, a stimulating introduction not only with regard to some of the basic problems in conceptualizing the nature of time but also to the dating of historical events and the use of calendars for that purpose.Following Stevens’s essay, the volume is organised into seven broader themes covering a variety of questions and trying to offer new insights into the medieval perception and constructions of time. They deal with the computation of time and the use of calendars; Jewish concepts of time and redemption; Christian philosophies of eternity and time; monastic and clerical conceptions; literary representations; time and art; and apocalyptic expectations. The volume’s selection of authors is international in scope and represents some of the leading current scholarship in the field. It proves that we still ‘thirst to know the power and the nature of time’ (St Augustine).
History of civilization --- Philosophy and psychology of culture --- Chronology --- anno 500-1499 --- Time --- Eternity --- Philosophy, Medieval --- History --- Hours (Time) --- Geodetic astronomy --- Nautical astronomy --- Horology --- Infinite --- Future life --- Time - History - To 1500 - Congresses. --- Eternity - History - To 1500 - Congresses. --- Philosophy, Medieval - Congresses. --- TEMPS --- HISTORIOGRAPHIE --- HISTOIRE --- PHILOSOPHIE --- MOYEN AGE
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