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This is the state-of-the-art report prepared by the RILEM TC “Application of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP) in concrete construction”. It gives a comprehensive overview of the properties of SAP, specific water absorption and desorption behaviour of SAP in fresh and hardening concrete, effects of the SAP addition on rheological properties of fresh concrete, changes of cement paste microstructure and mechanical properties of concrete. Furthermore, the key advantages of using SAP are described in detail: the ability of this material to act as an internal curing agent to mitigate autogenous shrinkage of high-performance concrete, the possibility to use SAP as an alternative to air-entrainment agents in order to increase the frost resistance of concrete, and finally, the benefit of steering the rheology of fresh cement-based materials. The final chapter describes the first existing and numerous prospective applications for this new concrete additive.

Binders (Materials). --- Concrete -- Additives. --- Polymer-impregnated concrete. --- Polymer-impregnated concrete --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Polymers --- Concrete --- Absorption and adsorption. --- Additives. --- Concrete admixtures --- Engineering. --- Building materials. --- Building repair. --- Buildings --- Structural materials. --- Building Materials. --- Building Repair and Maintenance. --- Structural Materials. --- Repair and reconstruction. --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Materials --- Building reconstruction --- Building renovation --- Building repair --- Reconstruction of buildings --- Remodeling of buildings --- Renovation of buildings --- Maintenance --- Repairing --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Reconstruction --- Remodeling --- Renovation --- Protection --- Conservation and restoration --- Building construction. --- Materials. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Buildings—Repair and reconstruction.

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Photocatalysis --- Building materials --- Building materials --- Photocatalysis. --- Environmental aspects. --- Environmental aspects.

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Buildings --- Concrete --- Masonry --- Salvaging --- Congresses --- Recycling --- 69.059.6 --- Demolition. Rubble --- 69.059.6 Demolition. Rubble --- Building --- Foundations --- Walls --- Beton --- Building materials --- Edifices --- Halls --- Structures --- Architecture --- Salvaging&delete& --- Recycling&delete& --- Built environment --- Congresses.

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Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or industrial.  These materials may suffer degradation in which ion addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening.  Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs over long periods.  Consequences of material failure are usually severe – adversely affecting the health and well-being of human communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II. Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods to assess performance of cement-based materials in such environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV. Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the problem.

Cement. --- Glass fibers. --- Reinforced concrete -- Congresses. --- Cement --- Chemical & Materials Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Materials Science --- Deterioration --- Hydraulic cement --- Engineering. --- Civil engineering. --- Building materials. --- Building repair. --- Buildings --- Structural materials. --- Materials science. --- Building Materials. --- Building Repair and Maintenance. --- Civil Engineering. --- Characterization and Evaluation of Materials. --- Structural Materials. --- Repair and reconstruction. --- Building materials --- Adhesives --- Building construction. --- Surfaces (Physics). --- Materials. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Physics --- Surface chemistry --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Public works --- Materials --- Buildings—Repair and reconstruction. --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Building reconstruction --- Building renovation --- Building repair --- Reconstruction of buildings --- Remodeling of buildings --- Renovation of buildings --- Maintenance --- Repairing --- Reconstruction --- Remodeling --- Renovation --- Protection --- Conservation and restoration