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This book illustrates the history of Atomic Physics and shows how its most recent advances allow the possibility of performing precise measurements and achieving an accurate control on the atomic state. Written in an introductory style, this book is addressed to advanced undergraduate and graduate students, as well as to more experienced researchers who need to remain up-to-date with the most recent advances. The book focuses on experimental investigations, illustrating milestoneexperiments and key experimental techniques, and discusses the results and the challenges of contemporary research.
Quantum optics. --- Optical lattices. --- Quantum theory. --- Physical measurements. --- Ultracold neutrons. --- Nuclear physics. --- Atomic nuclei --- Atoms, Nuclei of --- Nucleus of the atom --- Physics --- Ultra-cold neutrons --- Cold neutrons --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Mechanics --- Thermodynamics --- Optoelectronics --- Optics --- Photons --- Quantum theory --- Nuclear physics --- Physique nucléaire
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Although first proposed by Einstein in 1924, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in a gas was not achieved until 1995 when, using a combination of laser cooling and trapping, and magnetic trapping and evaporation, it was first observed in rubidium and then in lithium and sodium, cooled down to extremely low temperatures. This book brought together many leaders in both theory and experiment on Bose-Einstein condensation in gases. Their lectures provided a detailed coverage of the experimental techniques for the creation and study of BEC, as well as the theoretical foundation for understanding the
Bose-Einstein condensation --- Condensation --- Change of state (Physics) --- Chemistry --- Bose condensed fluids --- Bose condensed liquids --- Bose fluids --- Bose liquids --- Einstein condensation --- Bosons --- Superfluidity --- Matter physics
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The field of cold atomic gases faced a revolution in 1995 when Bose-Einstein condensation was achieved. The quest for ultra-cold Fermi gases started shortly after the 1995 discovery, and quantum degeneracy in a gas of fermionic atoms was obtained in 1999. This work covers experimental techniques for the creation and study of Fermi quantum gases.
Cold gases --- Electron gas --- Fermions --- Superfluidity --- Condensed degenerate gases --- Degenerate gases, Condensed --- Superfluids --- Liquid helium --- Low temperatures --- Quantum statistics --- Superconductivity --- Fermi-Dirac particles --- Particles (Nuclear physics) --- Interacting boson-fermion models --- Leptons (Nuclear physics) --- Fermi gas --- Electrons --- Gases
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