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Service-Oriented Applications and Architectures (SOAs) have captured the interest of industry as a way to support business-to-business interaction, and the SOA market grew by $4.9 billion in 2005. SOAs and in particular service-oriented computing (SOC) represent a promising approach in the development of adaptive distributed systems. With SOC, applications can open themselves to services offered by third parties and accessed through standard, well-defined interfaces. The binding between the applications and the services can be, in this context, extremely loose--enabling the ad hoc creation of new services when the need arises. This book offers an overview of some current research in the field, presenting the results of eighteen research projects funded by the European Community's Information Society Technologies Program (IST). The projects, collaborations between industry and academia, have produced practical, achievable results that point the way to real-world applications and future research. The chapters address such issues as requirement analysis, design, governance, interoperability, and the dependability of systems made up of components owned by third parties. The results are presented in the context of two roadmaps for research, one developed by European industry involved in software development and the other by researchers working in the service area. The contributors report first on the "Infrastructure Layer," then (in the bulk of the book) on the "Service Integration Layer," the "Semantic Layer," and finally on the issues that cut across the different layers. The book concludes by looking at ongoing research on both roadmaps.

Web services --- Internetworking (Telecommunication) --- Application program interfaces (Computer software) --- Business enterprises --- Research --- Computer networks. --- APIs (Computer software) --- Interfaces, Application program (Computer software) --- Inter-networking (Telecommunication) --- Interoperability in computer networks --- Application software --- Computer networks --- Cloud computing --- E-books --- COMPUTER SCIENCE/General --- ENGINEERING/Systems Science & Engineering

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This study addresses the demand-side of e-government--not only usage--but also perceptions and barriers to utilization that have not been treated previously. Indicators to measure acceptance and adoption of e-government were used to build two surveys that were then piloted among members of the 'general population' in the 15 EU Member States, Switzerland and Europe, and to IT managers in the commercial sector in seven EU countries.

Electronic government information. --- Electronic government information --- Online information services --- Internet in public administration --- Internet users --- Evaluation --- Attitudes

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Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science

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Parallel programming (Computer science) --- Electronic data processing --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Distributed processing