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The Cold War was in many ways a religious war. Presidents Truman and Eisenhower and other American leaders believed that human rights and freedom were endowed by God, that God had called the United States to defend liberty, and that Soviet communism was evil because of its atheism and enmity to religion. Along with security and economic concerns, these religious convictions helped determine both how the United States defined the enemy and how it fought the conflict. Meanwhile, American Protestant churches failed to seize the moment. Internal differences over theology and politics, and resistance to cooperation with Catholics and Jews, hindered Protestant leaders domestically and internationally. Frustrated by these internecine disputes, Truman and Eisenhower attempted to construct a new civil religion to mobilize domestic support for Cold War measures, determine the strategic boundaries of containment, unite all religious faiths against communism, and to undermine the authority of communist governments abroad.

Cold War --- Christianity and politics --- Religion and politics --- Civil religion --- Protestant churches --- History --- Truman, Harry S., --- Eisenhower, Dwight D. --- Political and social views --- Religion --- United States --- Foreign relations --- Religion civile --- Guerre froide --- Eglises protestantes --- Religion et politique --- Aspect politique --- Histoire --- Political and social views. --- Religion. --- Etats-Unis --- Relations extérieures --- World politics --- Religion, Civil --- Chauvinism and jingoism --- Nationalism --- Religion and culture --- Religion and state --- Christianity --- Church and politics --- Politics and Christianity --- Politics and the church --- Political science --- Religious aspects --- Political aspects --- Truman, Harry, --- Trumėn, G., --- Dulumen, --- Trouman, Charry S., --- טרומאן, הארי ס., --- Truman, H. --- Ai-sen-hao, --- Ėĭzenkhauėr, Duaĭt, --- Eisenhower, Ike, --- Ai-sen-hao-wei-erh, --- 1945-1953 --- 1953-1961 --- 20th century --- Truman, Harry S. --- Eisenhower, Dwight David --- Ayzinhāvir, Duvāyt, --- ايزنهاور، دوايت --- Cold War. --- Arts and Humanities --- Christianity and politics - United States - Protestant churches - History - 20th century --- Religion and politics - United States - History - 20th century --- Civil religion - United States - History - 20th century --- Truman, Harry S., - 1884-1972 - Political and social views --- Eisenhower, Dwight D. - (Dwight David), - 1890-1969 - Political and social views --- Truman, Harry S., - 1884-1972 - Religion --- Eisenhower, Dwight D. - (Dwight David), - 1890-1969 - Religion --- United States - Foreign relations - 1945-1953 --- United States - Foreign relations - 1953-1961 --- Eisenhower, Dwight David, --- Truman, Harry --- Trumėn, G. --- Dulumen --- Trouman, Charry S. --- Truman, Harry S., - 1884-1972 --- Eisenhower, Dwight D. - (Dwight David), - 1890-1969

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The personal perspectives from men and women who served at the White House, Foggy Bottom, the Pentagon, and in Baghdad, are complemented by critical assessments written by leading scholars in the field of international security. Taken together, the candid interviews and probing essays are a first draft of the history of the surge and new chapter in the history of the American presidency Bush, Vice President Dick Cheney, National Security Advisor Stephen Hadley, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, White House Chief of Staff Joshua Bolten, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, and others, recount the debates and disputes that informed the process as President Bush weighed the historical lessons of Vietnam against the perceived strategic imperatives in the Middle East. For a president who had earlier vowed never to dictate military strategy to generals, the deliberations in the Oval Office and Situation Room in 2006 constituted a trying and fateful moment. Even a president at war is bound by rules of consensus and limited by the risk of constitutional crisis. What is to be achieved in the warzone must also be possible in Washington, D.C. Bush risked losing public esteem and courted political ruin by refusing to disengage from the costly war in Iraq. The Last Card is a portrait of leadership-firm and daring if flawed-in the Bush White House. This is the real story of how George W. Bush came to double-down on Iraq in the highest stakes gamble of his entire presidency. Drawing on extensive interviews with nearly thirty senior officials, including President Bush himself, The Last Card offers an unprecedented look into the process by which Bush overruled much of the military leadership and many of his trusted advisors, and authorized the deployment of roughly 30,000 additional troops to the warzone in a bid to save Iraq from collapse in 2007. The adoption of a new counterinsurgency strategy and surge of new troops into Iraq altered the American posture in the Middle East for a decade to come. In The Last Card we have access to the deliberations among the decision-makers on Bush's national security team as they embarked on that course. In their own words, President George W.

Irak --- USA --- Krig --- Sikkerhedspolitik --- Udenrigspolitik --- United States --- Iraq --- Military policy --- Decision making. --- Politics and government --- Iraq War, War on Terror, Operation Iraqi Freedom, grand strategy, diplomatic history, foreign policy.

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History