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This book uses Sperber and Wilson's Relevance Theory to show how evidential expressions can be analysed in a unified semantic/pragmatic framework. The first part surveys general linguistic work on evidentials, presents speech-act theory and examines Grice's theory of meaning and communication with emphasis on three main issues: for linguistically encoded evidentials, are they truth-conditional or non-truth-conditional, and do they contribute to explicit or implicit communication? For pragmatically inferred evidentials, is there a pragmatic framework in which they can be adequately accounted for? The second part examines those assumptions of Relevance theory that bear on the study of evidentials, offers an account of pragmatically inferred evidentials and introduces three distinctions relevant to the issues discussed in this book: between explicit and implicit communication, truth-conditional and non-truth-conditional meaning, and conceptual and procedural meaning. These distinctions are applied to a variety of linguistically encoded evidentials, including sentence adverbials, parenthetical constructions and hearsay particles. This book offers convincing evidence that not all evidentials behave similarly with respect to the above distinctions and offers an explanation for why this is so.

Semantics --- Pragmatics --- Speech acts (Linguistics) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Relevance --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Pertinence --- Relevancy --- Meaning (Philosophy) --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Illocutionary acts (Linguistics) --- Speech act theory (Linguistics) --- Speech events (Linguistics) --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Speech --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Grammar, Comparative --- Philosophy --- Lexicology. Semantics --- Evidentials (Linguistics). --- Grammar, Comparative and general. --- Pragmatics. --- Relevance. --- Speech acts (Linguistics). --- Evidentials (Linguistics) --- Sémantique --- Evidentialité --- Pragmatique --- Actes de parole --- Grammaire comparée et générale --- Evidentiality (Linguistics) --- Modality (Linguistics) --- Semantics. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES --- Linguistics / Semantics

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Lexicology. Semantics --- Pragmatics

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"Despite the fact that they are often crucial to our understanding, the vague, ineffable elements of language use and communication have received much less attention from linguists than the more concrete, effable ones. This has left a range of important questions unanswered. How might we account for the communication of non-propositional phenomena such as moods, emotions and impressions? What type of cognitive response do these phenomena trigger, if not conceptual or propositional? Do creative metaphors and unknown words in second languages and other 'pointers' to 'conceptual regions' communicate concepts learned from language alone? How might the descriptive ineffability of interjections, free indirect speech etc. be accommodated within a theory of communication? What of those working on the aesthetics of artworks, music and literature? What can evolution tell us about ineffability? The papers in this volume address these fascinating questions head-on. They represent a range of different attempts to answer them and, in so doing, allow us to pose exciting new questions. The aim, to bring the ineffable firmly within the grasp of theoretical pragmatics"--

Mass communications --- Pragmatics --- Psycholinguistics --- Inference --- Cognitive grammar --- Reasoning --- Ampliative induction --- Induction, Ampliative --- Inference (Logic) --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Philosophy

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Linguistics