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Under what conditions is a group of scientists rational? How would rational scientists collectively agree to make their group more effective? What sorts of negotiations would occur among them and under what conditions? What effect would their final agreement have on science and society? These questions have been central to the philosophy of science for the last two decades. In this 2007 book, Husain Sarkar proposes answers to them by building on classical solutions - the skeptical view, two versions of the subjectivist view, the objectivist view, and the view of Hilary Putnam. Although he finds these solutions not completely adequate, Sarkar retrieves what is of value from them and also expropriates the arguments of John Rawls and Amartya Sen, in order to weave a richer, deeper, and more developed theory of group rationality.

Philosophy of science --- Group decision making. --- Group problem solving. --- Reasoning. --- Research --- Science --- Psychological aspects. --- Philosophy. --- Group decision making --- Group problem solving --- Reasoning --- Normal science --- Argumentation --- Ratiocination --- Reason --- Thought and thinking --- Judgment (Logic) --- Logic --- Problem solving, Group --- Team problem solving --- Problem solving --- Collective decision making --- Decision-making, Group --- Decision making --- Psychological aspects --- Philosophy --- Arts and Humanities

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Schauder bases --- Schauder bases.

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"The relationship between America and Pakistan is based on mutual incomprehension and always has been. Pakistan--to American eyes--has gone from being a quirky irrelevance, to a stabilizing friend, to an essential military ally, to a seedbed of terror. America--to Pakistani eyes--has been a guarantee of security, a coldly distant scold, an enthusiastic military enabler, and is now a threat to national security and a source of humiliation."--Dust jacket.

Pakistan --- United States --- Foreign relations

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This book delineates the role that Pakistan should play in the largely anarchic world of the twenty-first century in order to best serve the country’s long-term national interests. Its main aim is to lay down the parameters within which Pakistan’s grand strategy should be formulated, taking into account the evolving global and regional security environment and Pakistan’s historical experience. Provided here is an in-depth analysis and critical evaluation of the past record of Pakistan’s foreign policy within this context, bringing out its successes and failures, strengths and weaknesses. Based on these analyses, a comprehensive approach is recommended for safeguarding Pakistan’s national security and promoting its prosperity utilizing a strategy that is a marked departure from the military-dominated, uni-dimensional policies the country has followed thus far. Besides providing guidelines to Pakistan’s policy makers and intelligentsia, this book will be of interest to academics, foreign observers, and general readers in understanding the constraints and parameters within which Pakistan – a de facto nuclear-weapon state of 190 million people at the cross-roads of South Asia, Central Asia, and the Persian Gulf – must operate to safeguard its national interests in the turbulent times ahead.

Political economy. --- World politics --- Pakistan --- Foreign relations. --- International relations. --- Middle East-Politics and governm. --- Globalization. --- Regionalism. --- Foreign Policy. --- Middle Eastern Politics. --- International Political Economy. --- Economic theory --- Political economy --- Social sciences --- Economic man --- Human geography --- Nationalism --- Interregionalism --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Coexistence --- Foreign affairs --- Foreign policy --- Foreign relations --- Global governance --- Interdependence of nations --- International affairs --- Peaceful coexistence --- World order --- National security --- Sovereignty --- Middle East—Politics and government.