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"From broadcast to social media, comedy plays a prominent role in Japan's cultural landscape and political landscape. The Time of Laughter explores how comedy grew out of the early days of television to become a central force in shaping Japanese media over the past half-century. Comedy and its impact, David Humphrey argues, established a "time of laughter" in the media of the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries in Japan. Through masterful interrogation of Japanese televisual archives and media discourse, Humphrey demonstrates that the unique temporality of laughter has had a profound role in the cultural atmosphere of Japan's recent past. Laughter both complemented and absorbed the profound tensions and contradictions that emerged in Japanese television. Joyous and cacophonous, reaffirming and subverting, laughter simultaneously alienated and unified viewers. Through its exploration of the influence of comedy and the culture of laughter, The Time of Laughter presents a vibrant new take on Japan's recent media history."--

Television comedies --- Japanese drama (Comedy) --- Mass media --- Social media --- Social aspects --- History and criticism. --- Social aspects

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Banks and banking, International --- Clearinghouses (Banking) --- Electronic funds transfers --- Payment --- 333.103 --- 333.151 --- 333.154 --- 333.427 --- 333.731 --- AA / International- internationaal --- Commercial law --- Extinguishment of debts --- Performance (Law) --- Balance of trade --- Debtor and creditor --- EFT (Electronic funds transfers) --- Electronic banking --- Electronic check clearing --- Electronic money systems --- Electronic payments systems --- Electronic transfer of funds --- Funds, Electronic transfers of --- Telebanking --- Transfers of funds, Electronic --- Electronic data interchange --- Electronic benefits transfers --- Home banking services --- ACH (Banking) --- Automated clearinghouses (Banking) --- Bank clearinghouses --- Bank clearings --- CHAMPS (Banking) --- Check clearinghouses --- CHIPS (Banking) --- Clearing banks --- Clearing House Automated Payments System --- Clearing House Interbank Payments System --- Clearinghouse --- Banks and banking --- Clearinghouses --- International banking --- Offshore banking (Finance) --- Transnational banking --- Financial institutions, International --- International finance --- Communication systems --- Data processing --- International cooperation. --- Bankautomatisatie --- Verrekenkamers --- Elektronische geldtransfers. Clearing. Home banking --- Giraal geld --- Persoonlijk en reëel krediet. Bankkaarten --- Law and legislation --- Private finance --- International cooperation

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Zonder onderwerpscode: financiewezen

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Cash use in most countries is falling slowly. On the margin, younger adults favor cash substitutes over cash. For older adults it is the reverse. Revealed preference tied to a changing population age structure seems to be the main influence on the demand for cash and why it is falling. Cash use may continue to fall, and card use (the main cash substitute) may fall by more, if CBDC is issued. The extent of this reduction depends on the demand for retail CBDC and the incentives (primarily transaction fees) that can play a determining role in CBDC adoption and use.

Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Industries: Financial Services --- Finance: General --- Demand for Money --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Organizational Behavior --- Transaction Costs --- Property Rights --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Household Analysis: General --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- Monetary economics --- Distributed ledgers --- Finance --- Currencies --- Money --- Central Bank digital currencies --- Technology --- Digital currencies --- Household consumption --- National accounts --- Payment systems --- Financial markets --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Economics --- Financial services industry --- Technological innovations --- Consumption --- Clearinghouses --- Banking --- Russian Federation

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The use of cash for payments is not well measured. We view the value of cash withdrawn from ATMs, or as a share of all payments, as a more accurate and timely measure of cash use compared to the standard measure of currency in circulation, or as a ratio to GDP. These two measures are compared for 14 advanced and emerging market economies. When aggregated, the trend in cash use for payments is currently falling for half the world’s population. Such a measure can help inform policy decisions regarding CBDC and regulatory decisions concerning access to and use of cash.

Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Foreign Exchange --- Investments: Stocks --- Finance: General --- Demand for Money --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Organizational Behavior --- Transaction Costs --- Property Rights --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- Monetary economics --- Currency --- Foreign exchange --- Investment & securities --- Finance --- Currencies --- Money --- Monetary base --- Purchasing power parity --- Stocks --- Financial institutions --- Payment systems --- Financial markets --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Economics --- Money supply --- Clearinghouses --- Banking --- China, People's Republic of