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A dish may be delicious, a painting beautiful, a piece of information justified. Whether the attributed properties "really" hold, seems to depend on somebody like a speaker or a group of people that share standards and background. Relativists and contextualists differ in where they locate the dependency theoretically. This book collects papers that corroborate the contextualist view that the dependency is part of the language. This volume contributes to the debate on relativism vs. contextualism. It comprises a collection of papers that take the problem of “faultless disagreement” as their starting point. The contributors all criticize the relativist view that the variability in subjective judgments necessitates the variability of the notion of truth dependent on a judge or assessor. They investigate the problem of faultless disagreement by investigating differences and similarities between subjective judgments with epistemic modals on the one hand and predicates of personal taste on the other. Importantly, they also draw on data beyond taste and knowledge, including data from language acquisition. The theoretical analyses are quite diverse. But all proposals are compatible with the contextualist view – that the variability in subjective judgments is an effect of how the meaning of an expression is understood. The volume is relevant for linguists and philosophers of language interested in the problem of faultless disagreement and the semantics and pragmatics of modals and adjectives.

Lexicology. Semantics --- Intersubjectivité --- Implicite (linguistique) --- Hypothèse de Sapir-Whorf --- Subjectivity. --- Relativity. --- Relativism --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Reality --- Relationism --- Subjectivism --- Relativity --- Hypothèse de Sapir-Whorf. --- Intersubjectivité. --- Judgement. --- Modal Verbs. --- Semantics.

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The mental representation of language cannot be directly observed but must be inferred and modelled from its effects at second hand. Linguists have traditionally responded to this in two ways, either going for a fairly data-light approach and valuing theoretical creativity, or pursuing just those goals for which data is available and trusting to data-driven descriptive work. More recently, advances in technology and experimental techniques have made data gathering easier and more accessible, so that a theoretically informed but empirically based approach is rapidly growing in popularity. This synthesis permits linguists to combine the intellectual hypothesis generation of the theoreticians with the ability to deliver hard answers of the empiricist. This volume is a collection of papers in this direction, using mostly experiment methods to yield insights into syntactic and semantic structures, language processing, and acquisition. Papers report corpus data, neurological investigations, child language studies, and fieldwork from minority languages.

Linguistics. --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Analysis, Linguistic (Linguistics) --- Analysis (Philosophy) --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Language and languages --- Psycholinguistics. --- Semantics. --- Syntax.